Nicotine Self-Administration Impairs Hippocampal Plasticity
| Autor: | Catherine Aurousseau, Marie-Françoise Montaron, Pier Vincenzo Piazza, Geneviève Rougon, Michel Le Moal, Djoher Nora Abrous, Walter Adriani |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Nicotine medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Cell Count Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 Self Administration Hippocampal formation Hippocampus Rats Sprague-Dawley Lateral Ventricles Internal medicine Neuroplasticity medicine Animals ARTICLE Infusions Intravenous Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules media_common Neurons Neuronal Plasticity Cell Death Dose-Response Relationship Drug General Neuroscience Addiction Dentate gyrus Neurogenesis Rats Phenotype Endocrinology Bromodeoxyuridine Astrocytes Dentate Gyrus Sialic Acids Neural cell adhesion molecule Self-administration Psychology Neuroscience Cell Division medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Neuroscience. 22:3656-3662 |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 0270-6474 |
| Popis: | Nicotine, the neuroactive compound responsible for tobacco addiction, is primarily believed to have beneficial effects on the adult brain. However, in heavy smokers, abstinence from nicotine is accompanied by cognitive impairments that suggest adverse effects of nicotine on brain plasticity. For this reason, we studied changes in plasticity-related processes in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampal formation of animals trained to self-administer nicotine. The DG was chosen because it undergoes profound plastic rearrangements, many of which have been related to memory and learning performances. In this region, we examined the expression of the polysialylated (PSA) forms of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), PSA-NCAM, neurogenesis, and cell death by measuring the number of pyknotic cells. It was found that nicotine self-administration profoundly decreased, in a dose-dependent manner, the expression of PSA-NCAM in the DG; a significant effect was observed at all the doses tested (0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 mg/kg per infusion). Neurogenesis was also decreased in the DG, but a significant effect was observed only for the two highest doses of nicotine. Finally, the same doses that decreased neurogenesis also increased cell death. These results raise an important additional concern for the health consequences of nicotine abuse and open new insight on the possible neural mechanisms of tobacco addiction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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