Emerging coral diseases in Kāne'ohe Bay, O'ahu, Hawai'i (USA): two major disease outbreaks of acute Montipora white syndrome
| Autor: | Evelyn F. Cox, Sean M. Callahan, Frank G. Stanton, Christina M. Runyon, Ashley M. Smith, Thierry M. Work, Blake Ushijima, Greta S. Aeby |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Time Factors Coral Zoology Aquatic Science 01 natural sciences Montipora Hawaii 03 medical and health sciences Species Specificity Anthozoa Animals Reef Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Ecosystem geography Montipora capitata geography.geographical_feature_category biology Virulence Ecology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Outbreak biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Bays Capitata Host-Pathogen Interactions Seasons Bay Animal Distribution |
| Zdroj: | Diseases of aquatic organisms. 119(3) |
| ISSN: | 0177-5103 |
| Popis: | In March 2010 and January 2012, we documented 2 widespread and severe coral disease outbreaks on reefs throughout Kāne'ohe Bay, Hawai'i (USA). The disease, acute Montipora white syndrome (aMWS), manifested as acute and progressive tissue loss on the common reef coral M. capitata. Rapid visual surveys in 2010 revealed 338 aMWS-affected M. capitata colonies with a disease abundance of (mean ± SE) 0.02 ± 0.01 affected colonies per m of reef surveyed. In 2012, disease abundance was significantly higher (1232 aMWS-affected colonies) with 0.06 ± 0.02 affected colonies m(-1). Prior surveys found few acute tissue loss lesions in M. capitata in Ka¯ne'ohe Bay; thus, the high number of infected colonies found during these outbreaks would classify this as an emerging disease. Disease abundance was highest in the semi-enclosed region of south Kāne'ohe Bay, which has a history of nutrient and sediment impacts from terrestrial runoff and stream discharge. In 2010, tagged colonies showed an average tissue loss of 24% after 1 mo, and 92% of the colonies continued to lose tissue in the subsequent month but at a slower rate (chronic tissue loss). The host-specific nature of this disease (affecting only M. capitata) and the apparent spread of lesions between M. capitata colonies in the field suggest a potential transmissible agent. The synchronous appearance of affected colonies on multiple reefs across Kāne'ohe Bay suggests a common underlying factor. Both outbreaks occurred during the colder, rainy winter months, and thus it is likely that some parameter(s) associated with winter environmental conditions are linked to the emergence of disease outbreaks on these reefs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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