Excessive decline from premorbid functioning: detecting performance invalidity with the WAIS-IV and demographic predictions
| Autor: | Amanda M Rach, Phillip K. Martin, Ben P. Hunter, Ryan W. Schroeder, Robin J. Heinrichs |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
050103 clinical psychology medicine.medical_specialty Significant group Neuropsychological Tests 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Malingering Intellectual disability Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Humans Dementia 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Psychiatry Stroke Demography Retrospective Studies 05 social sciences Wechsler Scales Neuropsychology Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Middle Aged medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Female Psychology Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | The Clinical Neuropsychologist. 31:829-843 |
| ISSN: | 1744-4144 1385-4046 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/13854046.2017.1284265 |
| Popis: | Excessive Decline from Premorbid Functioning (EDPF) is presented as a construct and defined as a discrepancy between predicted premorbid ability and current test performance that is so atypical of individuals with true neurocognitive impairment that it is likely the product of performance invalidity. New embedded PVTs (EDPF-FSIQ, EDPF-VW, and EDPF-PP) were derived by comparing scores from the WAIS-IV to TOPF demographically predicted premorbid estimates and then examined for classification accuracy.After excluding for dementia, intellectual disability, and left-sided stroke, participants (n = 230) were grouped according to number of PVTs failed. ROC analyses were conducted to determine the accuracy of EDPF indices in classifying patients as failing 0 or ≥2 PVTs within both a mixed neuropsychological outpatient sample and according to specific diagnostic criterion groups.Significant group differences emerged for all EDPF indices (p .001). EDPF-FSIQ resulted in an AUC of .837, classifying patients with 56% sensitivity at ≥90% specificity, and EDPF-VW resulted in an AUC of .850, classifying patients with 61% sensitivity at ≥90% specificity. Accuracy remained high across diagnostic groups (i.e. neurocognitive, moderate/severe TBI, and psychiatric) for EDPF-VW and EDPF-FSIQ, whereas specificity declined for EDPF-PP in patients with mixed neurocognitive disorders. Overall, classification accuracy rates exceeded those of Reliable Digit Span.Both EDPF-FSIQ and EDPF-VW demonstrated excellent discrimination between patients providing valid versus invalid test performance. Unique advantages of EDPF validity measures include incorporation of demographic estimates of premorbid ability and examination of performances on multiple tests spanning different cognitive domains. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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