Aerial Interyear Comparison and Quantification of Methane Emissions Persistence in the Bakken Formation of North Dakota, USA
| Autor: | Adam R. Brandt, David Lyon, Stephen Conley, Robert B. Jackson, Jacob G. Englander |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Methane emissions
Air Pollutants Ethane 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Monte Carlo method Sampling (statistics) General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences Natural Gas Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences Methane Persistence (computer science) chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry North Dakota Environmental Chemistry Environmental science 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Environmental sciencetechnology. 52(15) |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 |
| Popis: | We performed an infrared optical gas imaging (OGI) survey by helicopter of hydrocarbon emissions in the Bakken formation of North Dakota. One year after an earlier survey of 682 well pads in September of 2014, the same helicopter crew resurveyed 353 well pads in 2015 to examine the persistence of emissions. Twenty-one newly producing well pads were added in the same sampling blocks. An instrumented aircraft was also used to quantify emissions from 33 plumes identified by aerial OGI. Well pads emitting methane and ethane in 2014 were far more likely to be emitting in 2015 than would be expected by chance; Monte Carlo simulations suggest >5σ deviation (p < 0.0001) from random assignment of detectable emissions between survey years. Scaled up using basin-wide leakage estimates, the emissions quantified by aircraft are sufficient to explain previously observed basin-wide emissions of methane and ethane. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|