The protective effects of omega-6 fatty acids in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in relation to transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) up-regulation and increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production
Autor: | Sandra Amor, M M Morris-Downes, Lorna Layward, Laurence S. Harbige, Dudley C. Dumonde |
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Rok vydání: | 2000 |
Předmět: |
Male
Encephalomyelitis Autoimmune Experimental T-Lymphocytes Linoleic acid Neuroimmunology Molecular Sequence Data Immunology Gene Expression Dinoprostone Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein Transforming Growth Factor beta1 Interferon-gamma Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Dietary Fats Unsaturated Transforming Growth Factor beta Fatty Acids Omega-6 Concanavalin A medicine Animals Plant Oils Immunology and Allergy Amino Acid Sequence gamma-Linolenic Acid Cells Cultured chemistry.chemical_classification biology alpha-Linolenic acid Cell Membrane Fatty Acids Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis alpha-Linolenic Acid Fatty acid medicine.disease Up-Regulation Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein chemistry Eicosanoid Fatty Acids Unsaturated biology.protein Interleukin-2 Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Arachidonic acid Interleukin-4 Mitogens Myelin Proteins Spleen Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
Zdroj: | Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 122:445-452 |
ISSN: | 1365-2249 0009-9104 |
DOI: | 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01399.x |
Popis: | SUMMARYPolyunsaturated fatty acids are known to affect the immune response and administration of the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid has been reported to be beneficial in multiple sclerosis (MS) and EAE. In this study we have investigated the effects of oral feeding of plant lipid rich in the omega-6 fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid from Borago officinalis on acute and relapse disease and the immune response in EAE using SJL mice. EAE was induced by an encephalitogenic peptide (92–106) of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and mice were fed the plant lipid daily from 7 days after EAE induction to assess the effects on acute disease and from day 25 to assess the effects on disease relapse. The clinical incidence and histological manifestations of acute EAE, and the clinical relapse phase of chronic relapsing EAE (CREAE) were markedly inhibited by omega-6 fatty acid feeding. A significant increase in the production of TGF-β1 in response to concanavalin A (Con A) at day 13 and a significant increase in TGF-β1 and PGE2 to Con A, PPD and MOG peptide (92–106) at day 21 were detected in spleen mononuclear cells from fatty acid-fed mice. There was no difference in interferon-gamma, IL-4 and IL-2 production between the fatty acid-fed and control groups. Significantly higher TGF-β mRNA expression was found in the spleens of omega-6 fatty acid-fed mice at day 21. There were no differences in spleen cell proliferative response to Con A, PPD and MOG peptide (92–106). Biochemical analysis of spleen cell membrane fatty acids revealed significant increases in the eicosanoid precursor fatty acids dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid in response to gamma-linolenic acid feeding, indicating rapid metabolism to longer chain omega-6 fatty acids. These results show that oral feeding of gamma-linolenic acid-rich plant lipid markedly affects the disease course of acute EAE and CREAE and is associated with an increase in cell membrane long chain omega-6 fatty acids, production of PGE2 and gene transcription and, on activation, secretion of TGF-β1. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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