Sex-Based Differences in Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound and Self-Reported Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
| Autor: | Samuel G. Thorpe, Corey M. Thibeault, Robert B. Hamilton, Seth J. Wilk, Nicolas Canac |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
sex differences
medicine.medical_specialty vascular reactivity Traumatic brain injury Female group Audiology Pulsatility index lcsh:RC346-429 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cerebrovascular reactivity 030225 pediatrics medicine.artery Concussion medicine blood flow lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Original Research business.industry traumatic brain injury medicine.disease CBF autoregulation Transcranial Doppler Neurology Middle cerebral artery Mixed effects Neurology (clinical) business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 10 (2019) Frontiers in Neurology |
| ISSN: | 1664-2295 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fneur.2019.00590/full |
| Popis: | The possibility of sex-related differences in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) severity and recovery remains a controversial subject. With some studies showing that female subjects suffer a longer period of symptom recovery, while others have failed to demonstrate differences. In this study, we explored the sex-related effects of mTBI on self-reported symptoms and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) measured features in an adolescent population. Fifty-eight subjects were assessed—at different points post-injury—after suffering an mTBI. Subjects answered a series of symptom questions before the velocity from the middle cerebral artery was measured. Subjects participated in breath-holding challenges to evaluate cerebrovascular reactivity. The Pulsatility Index (PI), the ratio of the first peaks (P2R), and the Breath-Hold Index (BHI), were computed. Linear mixed effects models were developed to explore the interactions between measured features, sex, and time since injury while accounting for within subject variation. Over the first 10 days post-injury, the female group had significant interactions between sex and time since injury that was not present in the TCD features. This is the first study to compare sex-related differences in self-reported symptoms and TCD measurements in adolescents suffering an mTBI. It illustrates the pitfalls clinicians face when relying on subjective measures alone during diagnosis and tracking of mTBI patients. In addition, it highlights the need for more focused research on sex-related differences in concussion pathophysiology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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