Diminished appetitive startle modulation following targeted inhibition of prefrontal cortex
| Autor: | Wolfgang Maier, Thomas E. Schlaepfer, Dirk Scheele, Stephan Arndt, Juergen Reul, René Hurlemann |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Reflex Startle Startle response medicine.medical_treatment Emotions Prefrontal Cortex Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Brain mapping Article physiology [Emotions] radiation effects [Neurons] radiation effects [Emotions] medicine Humans physiopathology [Prefrontal Cortex] Theta Rhythm Prefrontal cortex Neurons Appetitive Behavior Depressive Disorder Major Brain Mapping Multidisciplinary medicine.diagnostic_test medicine.disease physiology [Neurons] physiology [Reflex Startle] Magnetic Resonance Imaging Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Neuromodulation (medicine) Healthy Volunteers physiopathology [Depressive Disorder Major] Transcranial magnetic stimulation radiation effects [Reflex Startle] Reflex Major depressive disorder radiation effects [Prefrontal Cortex] Psychology Neuroscience ddc:600 physiology [Appetitive Behavior] |
| Zdroj: | Scientific reports 5(1), 8954 (2015). doi:10.1038/srep08954 Scientific Reports |
| DOI: | 10.1038/srep08954 |
| Popis: | From an evolutionary perspective the startle eye-blink response forms an integral part of the human avoidance behavioral repertoire and is typically diminished by pleasant emotional states. In major depressive disorder (MDD) appetitive motivation is impaired, evident in a reduced interference of positive emotion with the startle response. Given the pivotal role of frontostriatal neurocircuitry in orchestrating appetitive motivation, we hypothesized that inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) would reduce appetitive neuromodulation in a manner similar to MDD. Based on a pre-TMS functional MRI (fMRI) experiment we selected the left dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices as target regions for subsequent sham-controlled inhibitory theta-burst TMS (TBS) in 40 healthy male volunteers. Consistent with our hypothesis, between-group comparisons revealed a TBS-induced inhibition of appetitive neuromodulation, manifest in a diminished startle response suppression by hedonic stimuli. Collectively, our results suggest that functional integrity of left dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex is critical for mediating a pleasure-induced down-regulation of avoidance responses which may protect the brain from a depressogenic preponderance of defensive stress. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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