Vulvar High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cancer as a Risk Factor for Anal Cancer: A Review
| Autor: | Andreia Albuquerque, I. Mary Poynten, Mario Preti, Jacob Bornstein, Jennifer M. Roberts, Pedro Vieira-Baptista, Debra S. Heller, Colleen K. Stockdale |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions Vulva anal squamous cell carcinoma Risk Factors medicine Humans Anal cancer Risk factor human papillomavirus Cervix Vulvar Neoplasms medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry vulvar squamous cell carcinoma screening Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Obstetrics and Gynecology Cancer Anoscopy General Medicine Anus Neoplasms medicine.disease Dermatology medicine.anatomical_structure Vagina Female women business Carcinoma in Situ |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease. 26:32-37 |
| ISSN: | 1526-0976 |
| Popis: | Objectives Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) has a higher incidence described in certain groups, namely, in women with vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (vHSILs) and/or human papillomavirus squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC). This review describes terminology, vHSIL, and VSCC in their association with ASCC and the published recommendations for early detection of this cancer in these women. Materials and methods A narrative review was conducted by the authors on vHSIL and VSCC as risk factors for ASCC. Results The ASCC and VSCC incidence are increasing. Women with vHSIL and/or VSCC can present with ASCC at diagnosis, being one of the highest-risk groups. Suspicious symptoms include rectal bleeding, pain, and a sensation of an anal mass. Digital anorectal examination can help detect early ASCC. Sensitivity of anal cytology in women with vHSIL and VSCC seems low, with the exception of immunosuppressed women with genital neoplasia (cervix, vagina, and vulva). There are still insufficient data on high-resolution anoscopy in women with vHSIL and/or VSCC as a screening method. Conclusions Clinicians need be aware that women with vHSIL and VSCC comprise one of the highest-risk groups for ASCC. Inquiring suggestive symptoms of ASCC and a digital anorectal examination can help in the early detection of this type of cancer. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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