The genetic architecture of the maize progenitor, teosinte, and how it was altered during maize domestication

Autor:	Maria Cinta Romay, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Qi Sun, Bode A. Olukolu, John Doebley, Qiuyue Chen, Edward S. Buckler, Anne Lorant, Peter J. Bradbury, Michael A. Neumeyer, Chin Jian Yang, James B. Holland, Luis Fernando Samayoa
Přispěvatelé:	Mauricio, Rodney
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	Cancer Research Heredity Population genetics Plant Science QH426-470 Plant Genetics Domestication 0302 clinical medicine Gene Frequency Plant Genomics Natural Selection Genetics (clinical) 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Natural selection Eukaryota Genomics Plants Experimental Organism Systems Engineering and Technology Research Article Biotechnology Gene Flow Evolutionary Processes Animal Types Population Quantitative Trait Loci Bioengineering Quantitative trait locus Biology Research and Analysis Methods Genes Plant Zea mays Quantitative Trait 03 medical and health sciences Model Organisms Quantitative Trait Heritable Genetic Plant and Algal Models Genetic variation Genetics Animals Domestic Animals Grasses Allele Selection Genetic education Heritable Selection Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 030304 developmental biology Crop Genetics Evolutionary Biology Population Biology Human Genome Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Genetic Variation Plant Genetic architecture Maize Genetics Population Genes Evolutionary biology Genetic Loci Animal Studies Plant Biotechnology Zoology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Population Genetics Developmental Biology
Zdroj:	PLoS Genetics PLoS Genetics, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e1008791 (2020) PLoS genetics, vol 16, iss 5
ISSN:	1553-7404 1553-7390
Popis:	The genetics of domestication has been extensively studied ever since the rediscovery of Mendel’s law of inheritance and much has been learned about the genetic control of trait differences between crops and their ancestors. Here, we ask how domestication has altered genetic architecture by comparing the genetic architecture of 18 domestication traits in maize and its ancestor teosinte using matched populations. We observed a strongly reduced number of QTL for domestication traits in maize relative to teosinte, which is consistent with the previously reported depletion of additive variance by selection during domestication. We also observed more dominance in maize than teosinte, likely a consequence of selective removal of additive variants. We observed that large effect QTL have low minor allele frequency (MAF) in both maize and teosinte. Regions of the genome that are strongly differentiated between teosinte and maize (high FST) explain less quantitative variation in maize than teosinte, suggesting that, in these regions, allelic variants were brought to (or near) fixation during domestication. We also observed that genomic regions of high recombination explain a disproportionately large proportion of heritable variance both before and after domestication. Finally, we observed that about 75% of the additive variance in both teosinte and maize is “missing” in the sense that it cannot be ascribed to detectable QTL and only 25% of variance maps to specific QTL. This latter result suggests that morphological evolution during domestication is largely attributable to very large numbers of QTL of very small effect. Author summary Although the genetics of trait differences between crops and their progenitors has been extensively studied, far less is known about the genetic architecture of trait variation in crop progenitors and how this architecture was altered during domestication. Here, we address this issue by comparing the genetic architecture of 18 domestication traits in maize and its ancestor teosinte using matched populations. Our results show that genetic architecture was reshaped during domestication in multiple ways. Maize has a greatly reduced number of QTL for domestication traits relative to teosinte and alleles at these QTL show greater dominance in maize. QTL alleles of large effect are present in both maize and teosinte, but more common in maize. We observed that regions of the genome that are strongly differentiated between teosinte and maize (high FST) explain less additive variation in maize than teosinte and that genomic regions of high recombination explain a disproportionately large proportion of heritable variance both before and after domestication. Finally, we observed that about 75% of heritability is “missing” in the sense that it not associated with detectable QTL, which suggests that the raw material for domestication was largely composed of vast numbers of QTL of diminishingly small effects.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bf18d829757748e40b9ecee90ef1704e http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7266358 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
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