Cross‐species transmission and evolutionary dynamics of canine distemper virus during a spillover in African lions of Serengeti National Park
| Autor: | Ernest Eblate, Michael K. Schwartz, Melody E. Roelke-Parker, Sarah Cleaveland, L. Scott Mills, Edward J. Dubovi, Craig Packer, Meggan E. Craft, Brian W. Davis, Julie K. Weckworth, Nicholas M. Fountain-Jones |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Lions
0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Parks Recreational Population Zoology Cross-species transmission Animals Wild Crocuta crocuta 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences biology.animal Genetics medicine Animals Distemper Evolutionary dynamics education Distemper Virus Canine Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics education.field_of_study biology Canine distemper Outbreak Bayes Theorem medicine.disease biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Viral evolution Panthera |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Ecology. 29:4308-4321 |
| ISSN: | 1365-294X 0962-1083 |
| Popis: | The outcome of pathogen spillover from a reservoir to a novel host population can range from a “dead‐end” when there is no onward transmission in the recipient population, to epidemic spread and even establishment in new hosts. Understanding the evolutionary epidemiology of spillover events leading to discrete outcomes in novel hosts is key to predicting risk and can lead to a better understanding of mechanisms of emergence. Here we use a Bayesian phylodynamic approach to examine cross‐species transmission and evolutionary dynamics during a canine distemper virus spillover event causing clinical disease and population decline in an African lion population (Panthera leo) in the Serengeti Ecological Region between 1993 and 1994. Using 21 near‐complete viral genomes from four species we found that this large‐scale outbreak was likely ignited by a single cross‐species spillover event from a canid reservoir to non‐canid hosts less than one year before disease detection and explosive spread of CDV in lions. Cross‐species transmission from other non‐canid species likely fueled the high prevalence of CDV across spatially structured lion prides. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) could have acted as the proximate source of CDV exposure in lions. We report thirteen nucleotide substitutions segregating CDV strains found in canids and non‐canids. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that virus evolution played a role in CDV emergence in non‐canid hosts following spillover during the outbreak, and suggests that host barriers to clinical infection can limit outcomes of CDV spillover in novel host species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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