Methyl salicylate, thymol and carvacrol as oviposition deterrents for Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) on plum blossoms
| Autor: | Lesley E. Smart, S. Y. Dewhirst, G. J. Prinsloo, E. Allsopp |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Integrated pest management
Ecology biology fungi biology.organism_classification Western flower thrips chemistry.chemical_compound Horticulture chemistry Insect Science Botany Bioassay Carvacrol Phytotoxicity PEST analysis Agronomy and Crop Science Thymol Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Methyl salicylate |
| Popis: | A bioassay was developed to determine whether treatment with essential oils thymol, methyl salicylate and carvacrol can reduce the oviposition rate of western flower thrips (wft), Frankliniella occidentalis, on plum blossoms. Individual field-collected wft females were confined on single blossoms treated with three concentrations of essential oils applied in different suspensions: an aqueous 0.05 % Triton X-100 plus ethanol solution [ethanol/water/Triton (EWT)], an EWT plus Citrex® medium mineral oil and an aqueous 0.05 % Triton X-100 solution (water/Triton) plus Citrex®. The number of eggs laid per female over 24 h was compared to oviposition on untreated blossoms and those treated with control suspensions. A 10 % suspension of thymol significantly reduced oviposition rate by 85 % compared with blossoms treated with control suspension and untreated. Methyl salicylate concentrations of 10 and 1 % significantly reduced oviposition rate by 84 and 88 %, respectively, compared with the control suspension and, 89 and 85 %, respectively compared with the untreated. Carvacrol concentrations of 5, 1 and 0.1 % significantly reduced oviposition rate compared with untreated blossoms (84, 53 and 57 %), whilst the 5 % was also significantly different to the control suspension (69 % reduction). Suspension type had no significant effect on mean oviposition rate. We have shown that these essential oils are effective in reducing wft egg-laying when applied to fragrant flowers and have potential for inclusion in pest management strategies for this pest on plums. Further research is required to develop stable suspensions that provide an even deposit, more sustained release and that can reduce the phytotoxicity observed with the higher concentrations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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