Tattoo inks: Characterization and in vivo and in vitro toxicological evaluation
| Autor: | Miriam Arl, William Gerson Matias, Naiara Mottim Justino, Denice Schulz Vicentini, Jéssica Schveitzer Köerich, Diego José Nogueira |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Cell Survival Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Daphnia magna 0211 other engineering and technologies 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Tattoo ink 01 natural sciences Cell Line Pigment In vivo Environmental Chemistry Animals Humans Particle Size Coloring Agents Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies Chromatography biology Tattooing Chemistry Reproduction biology.organism_classification Pollution In vitro body regions HaCaT Daphnia visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Female Ink Reactive Oxygen Species circulatory and respiratory physiology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of hazardous materials. 364 |
| ISSN: | 1873-3336 |
| Popis: | Tattoo inks represent a growing market in the world economy, but this growth is associated with an increase in reports of adverse effects caused by the use of this product. In this study, four commercial tattoo inks (blue, green, red and black) were studied to characterize the composition and particle size and identify possible in vivo and in vitro toxicological effects on Daphnia magna and HaCaT cells, respectively. Compositional analysis confirmed the functional groups in the vehicles and organic pigments. The presence of nanoparticles was confirmed by image analysis. The toxicological evaluation indicated distinct results for blue and green inks for the parameters tested, despite the presence of similar levels of metals. The red ink, followed by the green, presented the highest toxicity, which may be related to pigments containing azo compounds and not to the metal fraction. Black ink was found to be the safest toxicologically. This paper provides an overview of the composition of tattoo inks and their toxicological effects in epidermal cells and in the environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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