Problematic alcohol use and reduced hippocampal volume: a meta-analytic review
| Autor: | Sylia Wilson, Jessica L. Bair, William G. Iacono, Kathleen M. Thomas |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Binge drinking Alcohol Hippocampus Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Medicine Humans Psychiatry Applied Psychology Subclinical infection Aged business.industry Clinical study design Middle Aged Moderation 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Alcoholism chemistry Meta-analysis Hippocampal volume Female Neurotoxic effect business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Psychological medicine. 47(13) |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | BackgroundA number of studies reports reduced hippocampal volume in individuals who engage in problematic alcohol use. However, the magnitude of the difference in hippocampal volume between individuals withv. without problematic alcohol use has varied widely, and there have been null findings. Moreover, the studies comprise diverse alcohol use constructs and samples, including clinically significant alcohol use disorders and subclinical but problematic alcohol use (e.g. binge drinking), adults and adolescents, and males and females.MethodsWe conducted the first quantitative synthesis of the published empirical research on associations between problematic alcohol use and hippocampal volume. In total, 23 studies were identified and selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis; effects sizes were aggregated using a random-effects model.ResultsProblematic alcohol use was associated with significantly smaller hippocampal volume (d= −0.53). Moderator analyses indicated that effects were stronger for clinically significantv. subclinical alcohol use and among adults relative to adolescents; effects did not differ among males and females.ConclusionsProblematic alcohol use is associated with reduced hippocampal volume. The moderate overall effect size suggests the need for larger samples than are typically included in studies of alcohol use and hippocampal volume. Because the existing literature is almost entirely cross-sectional, future research using causally informative study designs is needed to determine whether this association reflects premorbid risk for the development of problematic alcohol use and/or whether alcohol has a neurotoxic effect on the hippocampus. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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