Sequential exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine coronavirus results in increased respiratory disease lesions: clinical, immunologic, pathologic, and immunohistochemical findings
| Autor: | Julia F. Ridpath, Shollie M Falkenberg, Jenny Welch, Fernando V. Bauermann, Robert W. Fulton, Anthony W. Confer |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Diarrhea
medicine.medical_specialty 040301 veterinary sciences viruses Respiratory Tract Diseases Bovine respiratory disease Full Scientific Report Antibodies Viral Virus Serology 0403 veterinary science Pathogenesis 03 medical and health sciences Pregnancy Animals Medicine 030304 developmental biology Bovine coronavirus Coronavirus Bovine 0303 health sciences Diarrhea Viruses Bovine Viral Lung General Veterinary business.industry Colostrum Diarrhea Virus 1 Bovine Viral Respiratory disease 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences medicine.disease Virology medicine.anatomical_structure Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease Cattle Female Histopathology business |
| Zdroj: | J Vet Diagn Invest |
| ISSN: | 1943-4936 1040-6387 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/1040638720918561 |
| Popis: | Bovine coronaviruses (BoCVs) have been found in respiratory tissues in cattle and frequently associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD); however, pathogenesis studies in calves are limited. To characterize the pathogenesis and pathogenicity of BoCV isolates, we used 5 different BoCV strains to inoculate colostrum-deprived calves, ~ 2–5 wk of age. Later, to determine if dual viral infection would potentiate pathogenicity of BoCV, calves were inoculated with BoCV alone, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) alone, or a series of dual-infection (BVDV–BoCV) schemes. A negative control group was included in all studies. Clinical signs and body temperature were monitored during the study and samples collected for lymphocyte counts, virus isolation, and serology. During autopsy, gross lesions were recorded and fixed tissues collected for histopathology and immunohistochemistry; fresh tissues were collected for virus isolation. Results suggest increased pathogenicity for isolate BoCV OK 1776. Increased body temperature was found in all virus-inoculated groups. Lung lesions were present in calves in all dual-infection groups; however, lesions were most pronounced in calves inoculated with BVDV followed by BoCV inoculation 6 d later. Lung lesions were consistent with mild-to-moderate interstitial pneumonia, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of BoCV antigen. Our studies demonstrated that BVDV–BoCV dual infection may play an important role in BRD pathogenesis, and timing between infections seems critical to the severity of lesions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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