Specific Learning Disabilities and Emotional-Behavioral Difficulties: Phenotypes and Role of the Cognitive Profile

Autor: Paola Cristofani, Maria Chiara Di Lieto, Claudia Casalini, Chiara Pecini, Matteo Baroncini, Ottavia Pessina, Filippo Gasperini, Maria Bianca Dasso Lang, Mariaelisa Bartoli, Anna Maria Chilosi, Annarita Milone
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 12; Issue 5; Pages: 1882
Claudia Casalini
ISSN: 2077-0383
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051882
Popis: Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) are often associated with emotional-behavioral problems. Many studies highlighted a greater psychopathological risk in SLD, describing both internalizing and externalizing problems. The aims of this study were to investigate the emotional-behavioral phenotype through the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and evaluate the mediating role of background and cognitive characteristics on the relationship between CBCL profile and learning impairment in children and adolescents with SLD. One hundred and twenty-one SLD subjects (7–18 years) were recruited. Cognitive and academic skills were assessed, and parents completed the questionnaire CBCL 6–18. The results showed that about half of the subjects manifested emotional-behavioral problems with a prevalence of internalizing symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, over externalizing ones. Older children showed greater internalizing problems than younger ones. Males have greater externalizing problems compared to females. A mediation model analysis revealed that learning impairment is directly predicted by age and familiarity for neurodevelopmental disorders and indirectly via the mediation of the WISC-IV/WAIS-IV Working Memory Index (WMI) by the CBCL Rule-Breaking Behavior scale. This study stresses the need to combine the learning and neuropsychological assessment with a psychopathological evaluation of children and adolescents with SLD and provides new interpretative insights on the complex interaction between cognitive, learning, and emotional-behavioral phenotypes.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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