Scrapie at Abattoir: Monitoring, Control, and Differential Diagnosis of Wasting Conditions during Meat Inspection

Autor: Ana Cristina Matos, Maria de Lurdes Pinto, Leonor Orge, Roberto Sargo, Nuno Gonçalves-Anjo, Paula Tavares, Isabel Pires, Jorge C. Pereira, Anabela Alves, Ana Paula Mendonça, Paulo Carvalho, Carla Neves Machado, L. Figueira, Estela Bastos, Carla Lima, João Carlos Silva, Alexandra Esteves, Hélder Quintas, Filipe Silva, Adelina Gama, Madalena Vieira-Pinto, Maria dos Anjos Pires, Fernanda Seixas
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI
Animals, Vol 11, Iss 3028, p 3028 (2021)
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instacron:RCAAP
ISSN: 2076-2615
DOI: 10.3390/ani11113028
Popis: Simple Summary Observation of small ruminants showing differing degrees of leanness or emaciation is a common occurrence at slaughterhouses. Although either condition may result from similar causes, emaciation and cachexia are usually pathological conditions, warranting total condemnation of the carcass during post-mortem inspection. This is done in order to prevent unfit meat from entering the human food chain. Scrapie, a naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in small ruminants, is characterized by loss of body conditioning and a wasting appearance. Since atypical scrapie has been identified as occurring at a low, but very consistent, the prevalence in small ruminant populations, it is advisable to include this disease as a differential diagnosis of wasting conditions detected during meat inspection at the abattoir. Vigilance for detection of putative scrapie in slaughterhouses, and its differential diagnosis from other conditions associated with wasting carcasses, are of paramount importance for post-mortem decisions on the fate of carcasses, offal, as well as animal by-products. Abstract Wasting disease in small ruminants is frequently detected at slaughterhouses. The wasting disorder is manifested by the deterioration of the nutritional and physiological state of the animal indicated by thinness, emaciation, and cachexia. Evidence of emaciation and cachexia, alone, are pathological conditions leading to carcass condemnation during an inspection. Several diseases are associated with a wasting condition, including scrapie, pseudotuberculosis, tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, Maedi Visna, and tumor diseases. On the other hand, parasitic diseases, nutrition disorders, exposure or ingestion of toxins, metabolic conditions, inadequate nutrition due to poor teeth, or poor alimentary diet are conditions contributing to poor body condition. Classical and atypical scrapie is naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in small ruminants. The etiological agent for each one is prions. However, each of these scrapie types is epidemiologically, pathologically, and biochemically different. Though atypical scrapie occurs at low incidence, it is consistently prevalent in the small ruminant population. Hence, it is advisable to include differential diagnosis of this disease, from other possibilities, as a cause of wasting conditions detected during meat inspection at the abattoir. This manuscript is a review of the measures in force at the abattoir for scrapie control, focusing on the differential diagnosis of gross lesions related to wasting conditions detected in small ruminants during meat inspection.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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