A review of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, treatment strategies, and its impact on cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality
| Autor: | Rishi K. Wadhera, JoAnne M. Foody, Robert P. Giugliano, Irfan Khan, Dylan L. Steen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Risk
medicine.medical_specialty Statin Epidemiology medicine.drug_class Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Lipid-lowering therapy Low density lipoprotein cholesterol Disease Guidelines 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine Hyperlipidemia Internal Medicine medicine Animals Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Mortality LDL-C Life Style Cause of death Evidence-Based Medicine Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Anticholesteremic Agents Cholesterol LDL Cardiovascular disease medicine.disease Cardiovascular Diseases Treatment strategy lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Morbidity Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business Developed country |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 10:472-489 |
| ISSN: | 1933-2874 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.11.010 |
| Popis: | Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 31.4% of deaths globally in 2012. It is estimated that, from 1980 to 2000, reduction in total cholesterol accounted for a 33% decrease in coronary heart disease (CHD) deaths in the United States. In other developed countries, similar decreases in CHD deaths (ranging from 19%–46%) have been attributed to reduction in total cholesterol. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has now largely replaced total cholesterol as a risk marker and the primary treatment target for hyperlipidemia. Reduction in LDL-C levels by statin-based therapies has been demonstrated to result in a reduction in the risk of nonfatal CV events and mortality in a continuous and graded manner over a wide range of baseline risk and LDL-C levels. This article provides a review of (1) the relationship between LDL-C and CV risk from a biologic, epidemiologic, and genetic standpoint; (2) evidence-based strategies for LDL-C lowering; (3) lipid-management guidelines; (4) new strategies to further reduce CV risk through LDL-C lowering; and (5) population-level and health-system initiatives aimed at identifying, treating, and lowering lifetime LDL-C exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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