Masses, Radii, and Orbits of Small Kepler Planets: The Transition from Gaseous to Rocky Planets
| Autor: | David Barrado, Andrew W. Howard, Daniel Huber, Guillaume Hébrard, Alexandre Santerne, Jon M. Jenkins, David Charbonneau, Tiago L. Campante, Phillip J. MacQueen, Gibor Basri, Guillermo Torres, Fergal Mullally, William J. Borucki, Debra A. Fischer, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, Michael R. Haas, Christopher E. Henze, Timothy R. Bedding, Francois Fressin, Timothy R. White, M. Lundkvist, Sarah Ballard, Timothy M. Brown, Jessie L. Christiansen, Dimitar Sasselov, David G. Koch, Andrea K. Dupree, Geoffrey W. Marcy, Hans Kjeldsen, Edna DeVore, Jonathan J. Fortney, Peter Tenenbaum, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, Howard Isaacson, Susan E. hompson, Dennis Stello, Jill Tarter, Alan P. Boss, Daniel C. Fabrycky, Yvonne Elsworth, David R. Ciardi, Roger C. Hunter, Rasmus Handberg, Joshua N. Winn, Timothy D. Morton, Rea Kolbl, Elisa V. Quintana, Guy R. Davies, Eric Agol, Eric B. Ford, Erik Brugamyer, Christopher J. Burke, Paul Robertson, Mikkel N. Lund, Mark E. Everett, William J. Chaplin, Douglas A. Caldwell, V. Silva Aguirre, Joseph D. Twicken, Justin R. Crepp, Philip W. Lucas, Thomas N. Gautier, Charlie Sobeck, Andrej Prsa, David Morrison, Martin Still, Avi Shporer, Claire Moutou, Michael Endl, Alan Gould, J. A. Carter, Steven D. Kawaler, Thomas Barclay, Jerome A. Orosz, Natalie M. Batalha, Travis S. Metcalfe, David W. Latham, Elisabeth R. Adams, Jason H. Steffen, Sarbani Basu, Jean-Michel Desert, Leslie A. Rogers, Ronald L. Gilliland, Sara Seager, Andrea Miglio, William F. Welsh, Erik A. Petigura, Lauren M. Weiss, Matthew J. Holman, Saskia Hekker, Steve B. Howell, William D. Cochran, Lars A. Buchhave, John Asher Johnson, Jorge Lillo-Box, Christoffer Karoff, Jeffrey L. Coughlin, Douglas Hudgins, Jack J. Lissauer, Stephen T. Bryson, Jeffrey Van Cleve, Samuel N. Quinn, Jason F. Rowe |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), The University of Sydney, School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Stellar Astrophysics Centre [Aarhus] (SAC), Department of Geoscience [Aarhus], High Altitude Observatory (HAO), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Department of Chemical Engineering [Hamilton, Ontario], McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Danish AsteroSeismology Centre (DASC), National University of Singapore (NUS), McDonald Observatory, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Universidade do Porto, Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Brightness
Doppler spectroscopy detection [planets and satellites] FOS: Physical sciences Asteroseismology photometric [techniques] symbols.namesake Planet Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics planetary systems Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) Physics [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] Astronomy Astronomy and Astrophysics radial velocities [techniques] individual: Kepler-25 Kepler-37 Kepler-48 Kepler-68 Kepler-93 Kepler-94 Kepler-95 Kepler-96 Kepler-97 Kepler-98 Kepler-99 Kepler-100 Kepler-102 Kepler-103 Kepler-106 Kepler-109 Kepler-113 Kepler-131 Kepler-406 Kepler-407 Kepler-409 [stars] Stars 13. Climate action Space and Planetary Science symbols Terrestrial planet Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Doppler effect Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Kepler-62c |
| Zdroj: | The Astrophysical Journal Supplement The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 2014, 210 (2), ⟨10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/20⟩ Astrophysical Journal Supplement Astrophysical Journal Supplement, American Astronomical Society, 2014, 210 (2), ⟨10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/20⟩ Marcy, G W, Isaacson, H, Howard, A W, Rowe, J F, Jenkins, J M, Bryson, S T, Latham, D W, Howell, S B, Gautier, T N III, Batalha, N M, Rogers, L, Ciardi, D, Fischer, D A, Gilliland, R L, Kjeldsen, H, Christensen-Dalsgaard, J, Huber, D, Chaplin, W J, Basu, S, Buchhave, L A, Quinn, S N, Borucki, W J, Koch, D G, Hunter, R, Caldwell, D A, Van Cleve, J, Kolbl, R, Weiss, L M, Petigura, E, Seager, S, Morton, T, Johnson, J A, Ballard, S, Burke, C, Cochran, W D, Endl, M, MacQueen, P, Everett, M E, Lissauer, J J, Ford, E B, Torres, G, Fressin, F, Brown, T M, Steffen, J H, Charbonneau, D, Basri, G S, Sasselov, D D, Winn, J, Sanchis-Ojeda, R, Christiansen, J, Adams, E, Henze, C, Dupree, A, Fabrycky, D C, Fortney, J J, Tarter, J, Holman, M J, Tenenbaum, P, Shporer, A, Lucas, P W, Welsh, W F, Orosz, J A, Bedding, T R, Campante, T L, Davies, G R, Elsworth, Y, Handberg, R, Hekker, S, Karoff, C, Kawaler, S D, Lund, M N, Lundkvist, M, Metcalfe, T S, Miglio, A, Silva Aguirre, V, Stello, D, White, T R, Boss, A, Devore, E, Gould, A, Prsa, A, Agol, E, Barclay, T, Coughlin, J, Brugamyer, E, Mullally, F, Quintana, E V, Still, M, Thompson, S E, Morrison, D, Twicken, J D, Désert, J-M, Carter, J, Crepp, J R, Hébrard, G, Santerne, A, Moutou, C, Sobeck, C, Hudgins, D, Haas, M R, Robertson, P, Lillo-Box, J & Barrado, D 2014, ' Masses, Radii, and Orbits of Small Kepler Planets: The Transition from Gaseous to Rocky Planets ', Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 210, no. 2, pp. 20 . https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/20 The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series, 210(2). IOP Publishing Ltd. |
| ISSN: | 0067-0049 1538-4365 |
| DOI: | 10.1088/0067-0049/210/2/20⟩ |
| Popis: | We report on the masses, sizes, and orbits of the planets orbiting 22 Kepler stars. There are 49 planet candidates around these stars, including 42 detected through transits and 7 revealed by precise Doppler measurements of the host stars. Based on an analysis of the Kepler brightness measurements, along with high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy, Doppler spectroscopy, and (for 11 stars) asteroseismology, we establish low false-positive probabilities for all of the transiting planets (41 of 42 have a false-positive probability under 1%), and we constrain their sizes and masses. Most of the transiting planets are smaller than 3X the size of Earth. For 16 planets, the Doppler signal was securely detected, providing a direct measurement of the planet's mass. For the other 26 planets we provide either marginal mass measurements or upper limits to their masses and densities; in many cases we can rule out a rocky composition. We identify 6 planets with densities above 5 g/cc, suggesting a mostly rocky interior for them. Indeed, the only planets that are compatible with a purely rocky composition are smaller than ~2 R_earth. Larger planets evidently contain a larger fraction of low-density material (H, He, and H2O). 94 pages, 55 figures, 25 tables. Accepted by ApJS |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|