Evaluation of Dry and Wet Formulations of Oxalic Acid, Thymol, and Oregano Oil for Varroa Mite (Acari: Varroidae) Control in Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies
| Autor: | Nuria Morfin, A. Rod Merrill, Qodratollah Sabahi, Ernesto Guzman-Novoa, B. Emsen, Paul G. Kelly, Hanan A. Gashout, Stephanie Otto |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Varroidae Oxalic acid 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science Origanum Mite Animals Acari Thymol 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Ecology biology Acaricide Oxalic Acid General Medicine Honey bee Bees biology.organism_classification Hymenoptera 010602 entomology chemistry Insect Science Varroa destructor Varroa |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Economic Entomology. 113:2588-2594 |
| ISSN: | 1938-291X 0022-0493 |
| Popis: | The efficacy and safety of dry and wet formulations of three nonsynthetic compounds, oxalic acid (OA), thymol (T), and oregano oil (OO), for the control of Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman infestations in honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) colonies were determined. The treatments were OA in dust, OA diluted in glycerin solvent embedded in a towel, T in dust, T in glycerin solvent and towel, OO in dry microcapsules, OO in glycerin solvent and towel, and the control. The treatments were applied weekly for 4 wk during the fall season. The rates of acaricide efficacy, weekly mite fall, bee mortality, colony survivorship, and strength, were determined for each of the treatments. All formulations, with the exemption of OO microcapsules, were effective at controlling infestations of V. destructor. The most effective formulations were T dust (96.6%), T glycerin (92.4%), and OA glycerin (79%). More than 85% of the mites were killed during the first 2 wk of treatment with T formulations, compared to less than 30% for the OA glycerin formulation. The lowest efficacy rate was for OO microcapsules (21.3%), and the only treatment that significantly increased bee mortality was OA glycerin. The rates of winter colony survival and honey bee populations were related to the varroacidal efficacy of the formulations. The implications of these findings are discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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