A hospital cluster of COVID-19 associated with a SARS-CoV-2 superspreading event
| Autor: | Po-Yen Huang, Ting-Shu Wu, Chun-Wen Cheng, Chih-Jung Chen, Chung-Guei Huang, Kuo-Chien Tsao, Chun-Sui Lin, Ting-Ying Chung, Chi-Chun Lai, Cheng - Ta Yang, Yi-Ching Chen, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Li-Yueh Huang, Yueh-Pi Chiu, Kuei-Chu Hou, Mei-Lien Chen, Yu-Chuan Huang, Li-Mei Tsai, Yu-Hua Su, Hsiu-Ping Wu, Shu-Ling Liu, Hsiao-Ni Wang, Li-Fang Chang, Shu-Hui Shen, Yun-Chi Hung, En-Chi Liu, Yi-Chuan Chen, Chiu-Lan Yeh, Hsiao-Chi Chang, Yu-Ching Chen, Ya-Ting Wu, Ching-Yu Wang, Yi-Rong Lu, Mao-Cheng Ge, Jeng-How Yang, Yen-Mu Wu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
medicine.medical_specialty Attack rate Disease cluster Asymptomatic Hospital Throat Epidemiology Immunology and Allergy Medicine Humans Index case Superspreading event General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Outbreak General Medicine Hospitals Virus Shedding Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Emergency medicine Sputum Original Article medicine.symptom Contact Tracing business Contact tracing |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection |
| ISSN: | 1995-9133 |
| Popis: | Background/purpose Superspreading events (SSEs) are pivotal in the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to investigate an SSE of COVID-19 in a hospital and explore the transmission dynamics and heterogeneity of SSE. Methods We performed contact tracing for all close contacts in a cluster. We did nasopharyngeal or throat swabbing for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR. Environmental survey was performed. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the SSE were studied. Results Patient 1 with congestive heart failure and cellulitis, who had onset of COVID-19 two weeks after hospitalization, was the index case. Patient 1 led to 8 confirmed cases, including four health care workers (HCW). Persons tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were HCW (n = 4), patient 1's family (n = 2), an accompanying person of an un-infected in-patient (n = 1), and an in-patient admitted before the SSE (n = 1). The attack rate among the HCW was 3.2 % (4/127). Environmental survey confirmed contamination at the bed rails, mattresses, and sink in the room patient 1 stayed, suggesting fomite transmission. The index case's sputum remained positive on illness day 35. Except one asymptomatic patient, at least three patients acquired the infection from the index case at the pre-symptomatic period. The effective reproduction number (Rt) was 0.9 (8/9). Conclusion The host factor (heart failure, longer viral shedding), transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 (Rt, pre-symptomatic transmission), and possible multiple modes of transmission altogether contributed to the SSE. Rapid response and advance deployment of multi-level protection in hospitals could mitigate COVID-19 transmission to one generation, thereby reducing its impact on the healthcare system. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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