Addition of galactose‐1‐phosphate measurement enhances newborn screening for classical galactosemia

Autor: Suha Daas, Nasser Abu Salah, Yair Anikster, Ortal Barel, Nadirah S. Damseh, Elena Dumin, Aviva Fattal‐Valevski, Tzipora C. Falik‐Zaccai, Clair Habib, Sagi Josefsberg, Stanley H. Korman, Katya Kneller, Yuval Landau, Tally Lerman‐Sagie, Hanna Mandel, Yehoshua Manor, Tameemi Moady Abdalla, Rachel Rock, Nira Rostami, Ann Saada, Talya Saraf‐Levy, Nava Shaul Lotan, Ronen Spiegel, Orna Staretz‐Chacham, Galit Tal, Igor Ulanovsky, Taly Vaisid, Yael Wilnai, Shlomo Almashanu
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 46:232-242
ISSN: 1573-2665
0141-8955
Popis: Galactosemia is an inborn disorder of carbohydrate metabolism of which early detection can prevent severe illness. Although the assay for galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) enzyme activity has been available since the 1960s, many issues prevented it from becoming universal. In order to develop the Israeli newborn screening pilot algorithm for galactosemia, flow injection analysis tandem mass spectrometry measurement of galactose-1-phosphate in archived dried blood spots from newborns with classical galactosemia, galactosemia variants, epimerase deficiency, and normal controls, was conducted. Out of 431 330 newborns screened during the pilot study (30 months), two with classical galactosemia and four with epimerase deficiency were identified and confirmed. Five false positives and no false negatives were recorded. Following this pilot study, the Israeli final and routine newborn screening algorithm, as recommended by the Advisory Committee to the National Newborn Screening Program, now consists of galactose-1-phosphate measurement integrated into the routine tandem mass spectrometry panel as the first-tier screening test, and GALT enzyme activity as the second-tier performed to identify only newborns suspected to be at risk for classical galactosemia. The GALT enzyme activity cut-off used in the final algorithm was lowered in order to avoid false positives.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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