Flight training in a migratory bird drives metabolic gene expression in the flight muscle but not liver, and dietary fat quality influences select genes
| Autor: | Scott R. McWilliams, Kristen J. DeMoranville, Wales A. Carter, Barbara J. Pierce |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Physiology CD36 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Pectoralis Muscles 03 medical and health sciences Physical Conditioning Animal Physiology (medical) Internal medicine Gene expression medicine Animals Pectoralis Muscle chemistry.chemical_classification Lipoprotein lipase Behavior Animal biology Fatty acid Metabolism Animal Feed Dietary Fats 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Gene Expression Regulation Liver chemistry Flight Animal Starlings biology.protein Energy Metabolism Nutritive Value Transcription Factors Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 319:R637-R652 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1490 0363-6119 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajpregu.00163.2020 |
| Popis: | Training and diet are hypothesized to directly stimulate key molecular pathways that mediate animal performance, and flight training, dietary fats, and dietary antioxidants are likely important in modulating molecular metabolism in migratory birds. This study experimentally investigated how long-distance flight training, as well as diet composition, affected the expression of key metabolic genes in the pectoralis muscle and the liver of European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris, n = 95). Starlings were fed diets composed of either a high or low polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA; 18:2n-6) and supplemented with or without a water-soluble antioxidant, and one-half of these birds were flight trained in a wind-tunnel while the rest were untrained. We measured the expression of 7 (liver) or 10 (pectoralis) key metabolic genes in flight-trained and untrained birds. Fifty percent of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and fat utilization were upregulated by flight training in the pectoralis ( P < 0.05), whereas flight training increased the expression of only one gene responsible for fatty acid hydrolysis [lipoprotein lipase (LPL)] in the liver ( P = 0.04). Dietary PUFA influenced the gene expression of LPL and fat transporter fatty acid translocase (CD36) in the pectoralis and one metabolic transcription factor [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α (PPARα)] in the liver, whereas dietary antioxidants had no effect on the metabolic genes measured in this study. Flight training initiated a simpler causal network between PPARγ coactivators, PPARs, and metabolic genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and fat storage in the pectoralis. Molecular metabolism is modulated by flight training and dietary fat quality in a migratory songbird, indicating that these environmental factors will affect the migratory performance of birds in the wild. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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