An Evaluation of Alcohol Sensitivity in the Context of the Acquired Preparedness Model
| Autor: | Jeffrey D. Wardell, Christian S. Hendershot, Laura M. Heath |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Expectancy theory
media_common.quotation_subject 030508 substance abuse Medicine (miscellaneous) Context (language use) Alcohol Impulsivity Article 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine chemistry medicine Personality Sensation seeking 030212 general & internal medicine medicine.symptom Young adult 0305 other medical science Psychology Path analysis (statistics) media_common Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Addict Res Theory |
| ISSN: | 1606-6359 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: The acquired preparedness model (APM) posits that relationships between impulsivity-related traits and alcohol use are partly mediated by the biased acquisition of positive alcohol expectancies. Additionally, alcohol administration studies implicate associations between impulsivity-related traits and sensitivity to acute alcohol effects, suggesting that impulsivity-expectancy associations could be partly explained by individual differences in alcohol response. The present study assessed a theoretical extension of the APM by testing the prediction that self-reported sensitivity to alcohol would partly mediate impulsivity-expectancy relationships, and that the addition of alcohol sensitivity variables would account for increased variance in drinking quantity and problems relative to the traditional APM. METHOD: Young adult heavy drinkers (N = 300, 53% women) completed the Alcohol Sensitivity Questionnaire, the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, and measures of alcohol expectancies (Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol Questionnaire) and drinking quantity and related problems. Hypotheses were examined using path analysis. RESULTS: Results supported significant indirect effects of sensation seeking on drinking quantity and problems via higher positive expectancies. Results also supported a significant indirect effect of negative urgency on drinking problems via negative expectancies. Although alcohol sensitivity variables showed unique associations with drinking outcomes, the addition of these variables did not improve model fit and hypothesized indirect paths involving impulsivity-related traits, alcohol sensitivity, and expectancies were not supported. CONCLUSIONS: Future research is necessary to reconcile these results with laboratory findings suggesting that impulsive traits are frequently associated with sensitivity to alcohol’s acute effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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