A tale of two proteins: PACT and PKR and their roles in inflammation
| Autor: | Kenneth T. Farabaugh, Parameswaran Ramakrishnan, Maria Hatzoglou, Evelyn Chukwurah, Bo-Jhih Guan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
viruses Inflammation Biology Pact Biochemistry Article Proinflammatory cytokine 03 medical and health sciences eIF-2 Kinase 0302 clinical medicine Interferon medicine Humans Molecular Biology Activator (genetics) RNA-Binding Proteins Inflammasome Cell Biology Protein kinase R Cell biology 030104 developmental biology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis medicine.symptom Signal transduction medicine.drug Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | FEBS J |
| ISSN: | 1742-4658 |
| Popis: | Inflammation is a pathological hallmark associated with bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, obesity and diabetes, as well as environmental stresses including physical and chemical trauma. Among numerous proteins regulating proinflammatory signaling, very few such as Protein kinase R (PKR), have been shown to play an all-pervading role in inflammation induced by varied stimuli. PKR was initially characterized as an interferon-inducible gene activated by viral double-stranded RNA with a role in protein translation inhibition. However, it has become increasingly clear that PKR is involved in multiple pathways that promote inflammation in response to stress activation, both dependent on and independent of its cellular protein activator of PKR (PACT). In this review, we discuss the signaling pathways that contribute to the initiation of inflammation, including Toll-like receptor, interferon, and RIG-I-like receptor signaling, as well as inflammasome activation. We go on to discuss the specific roles that PKR and PACT play in such proinflammatory signaling, as well as in metabolic syndrome- and environmental stress-induced inflammation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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