A retrospective review of antiemetic use for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric oncology patients at a tertiary care center
| Autor: | Mohammed Aseeri, Amnah Mukhtar, Nagla Elimam, Sara Al Khansa, Wasil Jastaniah |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Nausea medicine.drug_class Vomiting medicine.medical_treatment Antineoplastic Agents Cohort Studies Tertiary Care Centers Pharmacotherapy Medicine Antiemetic Humans Pharmacology (medical) Intensive care medicine Child Retrospective Studies Chemotherapy business.industry Infant Retrospective cohort study Chemotherapy regimen Oncology Child Preschool Practice Guidelines as Topic Quality of Life Antiemetics Female medicine.symptom business Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting |
| Zdroj: | Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners. 19(2) |
| ISSN: | 1477-092X |
| Popis: | Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are the most dreaded and distressing side effects for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment. These side effects have a significant impact on the patients’ quality of life and can interfere with their ability to receive intensive chemotherapy regimens. With the recent advances in antiemetic pharmacotherapy and supportive care, the current treatments for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, when used appropriately, have become highly effective in mitigating these adverse effects. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the current practice involving antiemetic treatment in newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients at our center. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients who were less than 14 years of age receiving their first cycle of inpatient chemotherapy. The data abstracted included the following: age, gender, type of cancer, chemotherapy regimen, emetogenic risk and level, prescribed prophylactic antiemetic regimen, incidence of breakthrough emesis, and breakthrough antiemetic medications used. Emetogenic risk was classified based on published guidelines into low, moderate, or high emetogenic chemotherapy, and a scoring system to determine the emetogenic level of combined chemotherapy agents was followed to monitor the efficacy of the antiemetic regimens. Clinical effectiveness was assessed based on breakthrough emesis. Results A total of 49 patients were eligible for the study. High emetogenic chemotherapy was administered in 28/49 (57.1%) and moderate emetogenic chemotherapy was administered in 21/49 (42.9%) patients. Only 10/49 (20.4%) received appropriate antiemetic prophylaxis, whereas 39/49 (79.6%) received inadequate antiemetic prophylaxis; 14/49 (28.6%) patients experienced breakthrough emesis. Breakthrough emesis occurred in 11/28 (39.3%) patients receiving high emetogenic chemotherapy and 3/21 (14.3%) patients receiving moderate emetogenic chemotherapy. The use of an inadequate antiemetic regimen was found in 14/14 (100%) patients with breakthrough emesis. Thus, inadequate prophylaxis resulted in a 35.9% (14/39) risk of breakthrough emesis. This risk was higher in patients receiving high emetogenic chemotherapy versus those receiving moderate emetogenic chemotherapy (39.3% versus 14.3%). Conclusion Inadequate antiemetic prophylaxis is associated with a high risk of breakthrough emesis particularly with high emetogenic chemotherapy regimens. Standardizing antiemetic prophylaxis based on emetogenic level could reduce breakthrough emesis and improve the quality of life in pediatric oncology patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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