Cytogenetic study of secondary malignancy in giant cell tumor

Autor: Hiroyuki Mukai, Taketsugu Fujibuchi, Seiichi Matsumoto, Takashi Shimoji, Keiko Hayakawa, Noriko Motoi, Taisuke Tanizawa, Keisuke Ae, Tabu Gokita
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 20:217-223
ISSN: 0949-2658
DOI: 10.1007/s00776-013-0446-6
Popis: Giant cell tumor (GCT) is classified as a benign bone tumor, but it is locally aggressive, and sometimes metastasizes in a benign state. In addition, malignant transformation occurs once in a while. Most of the secondary malignancies in GCT occur after treatment of benign GCT that has included radiation therapy [1, 2]. As a cytogenetic characteristic of GCT, telomeric associations (tas) were reported [3, 4]. Tas may generate dicentric chromosomes (dic) and chromatoid breakagefusion-bridges, which lead to chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis [5, 6]. Recently, the relationship between cytogenetic abnormalities and clinical behavior in GCT has begun to be elucidated. For example, the DNA ploidy pattern may predict the recurrence potential of GCT, chromosomal abnormalities superimposed on tas are responsible for an aggressive clinical course [7], and centrosome amplification may be useful in predicting the clinical behavior of GCT [8]. Here we report a case of secondary malignancy in GCT. Malignant transformation occurred in a relatively early period, and any radiation therapy was not administered to the primary lesion. Malignant transformation was demonstrated not only by histopathological study but also by cytogenetic analysis. The recurrent tumor, which was a secondary malignancy in GCT, had a near-triploid karyotype with multiple structural abnormalities as observed in pleomorphic sarcoma, while the primary benign GCT had a near-diploid karyotype with tas and dic.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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