Effect of Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra tea infusions on schistosomiasis in a large clinical trial
| Autor: | Chen Lu, Michel Idumbo, Lucile Cornet-Vernet, Jérôme Munyangi, Pamela J. Weathers, Bavon Mupenda, Nadège Ngombe, Paula Lalukala, Guy Mergeai, Jacques Bianga, Melissa J. Towler, Pierre Lutgen, Christian Perronne, Dieudonné Mumba |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male Adolescent 030231 tropical medicine Phytochemicals Artemisia annua Pharmaceutical Science Schistosomiasis Hematocrit Article 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Drug Discovery parasitic diseases Medicine Animals Humans Artemisia afra Artemisinin Child Parasite Egg Count Feces Pharmacology Traditional medicine biology medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Plant Extracts Schistosoma mansoni medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Praziquantel 030104 developmental biology Complementary and alternative medicine Artemisia Child Preschool Molecular Medicine Female business Teas Herbal medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Phytomedicine |
| Popis: | Background and objective Schistosomiasis (bilharzia), a serious neglected tropical disease affecting millions, has few cost-effective treatments, so two Artemisia wormwood species, A. annua and A. afra, were compared with the current standard praziquantel (PZQ) treatment in an 800 patient clinical trial, August-November of 2015. Methods The double blind, randomized, superiority clinical trial had three treatment arms: 400 for PZQ, 200 for A. annua , and 200 for A. afra. PZQ-treated patients followed manufacturer posology. Artemisia -treated patients received 1 l/d of dry leaf/twig tea infusions divided into 3 aliquots daily, for 7 days with 28-day follow-up. Results Of 800 enrolled patients having an average of >700 Schistosoma mansoni eggs per fecal sample, 780 completed the trial. Within 14 days of treatment, all Artemisia -treated patients had no detectable eggs in fecal smears, a result sustained 28 days post treatment. Eggs in fecal smears of PZQ-treated patients were undetectable after D21. More males than females who entered the trial had melena, but both genders responded equally well to treatment; by D28 melena disappeared in all patients. In all arms, eosinophil levels declined by about 27% from D0 to D28. From D0 to D28 hemoglobin increases were greater in PZQ and A. afra -treated patients than in A. annua -treated patients. Hematocrit increases were greater from D0 to D28 for patients treated with either PZQ or A. annua compared to those treated with A. afra . Gender comparison showed that A. afra –treated males had significantly greater hemoglobin and hematocrit increases by D28 than either PZQ or A. annua –treated males. In contrast, PZQ and A. afra -treated females had greater hemoglobin and hematocrit increases than A. annua -treated females. Both adults and pediatric patients treated with A. annua responded better compared to PZQ treatment. Conclusion Both A. annua and A. afra provided faster effective treatment of schistosomiasis and should be considered for implementation on a global scale. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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