Weed profiles and management assessment for increased finger millet production in Uganda
| Autor: | J. S. Tenywa, J. Oryokot, M. M. Kidoido, P. Nyende |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | African Crop Science Journal; Vol 9, No 3 (2001) |
| ISSN: | 1021-9730 2072-6589 |
| Popis: | Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.), a staple and food security crop in Uganda, is appreciated for its nutritional value, tolerance to water deficits, and good storage qualities; however, production requires a lot of labour, particularly for weed control. Thus, there is need to develop weed management strategies that are profitable. Research was conducted on-farm in three districts of eastern Uganda, to evaluate the agronomic and economic efficiency of one or two weedings, with row seeding as compared to broadcast sowing. Weedings were at two or four weeks after sowing. The four treatments were in a randomised complete block design arranged in split-plots with sowing patterns in main plots and weeding frequencies in the sub-plots. Digitaria scalarum was difficult to control and was judged to be the most serious weed. Finger millet yield was least under broadcast sowing with one weeding, but was increased by 44.7% with a second weeding at four weeks after sowing. Higher grain yields were obtained with row spacing plus one weeding than with broadcast sowing and two weeding treatments. Yield was not significantly increased by a second weeding under row seeding. Weed population density for row seeding was 50% of that for broadcast sowing. Row seeding was four times more costly than broadcast sowing due to extra labour requirement, but weeding costs were less and returns were greater. The second weeding increased the variable costs of production with broadcast seeding by 55%, but the profit margin increased by 88% and the returns were greater. Second weeding with direct seeding increased variable production costs by 65% but the returns for the second weeding were 289%. Weeding twice is especially profitable with broadcast sowing, but also with row seeding. RESUME L'eulesine (Eleusine coracana L. Gaetn.), est une denree de securite alimentaire en Uganda, qui est appreciee pour ses valeurs nutritives, sa tolerance au deficit hydrique, ses bonnes qualites de stockage, mais sa production exige beacoup de travaux, en particulier le controle des mauvaises herbes. Une recherche a ete conduite en milieu reel dans trois districts de l'Uganda pour evaluer l'efficacite agronomique et economique d' un ou deux sarclage (s) avec une plantation en lignes comparee a la plantation en vrac. Le sarclage etait fait a deux ou a quatre semaines apres la plantation. Les quatre traitements etaient dans un dispositif des blocs completement randomises arranges en split-splot dont la parcelle principale etait constituee par les modes de sarclage. Digitaria scalarum etait difficle a controler et a ete considere comme la plus dangereuse mauvaise herbe. Le rendement de l'eulesine etait pauvre pour la plantation en vrac avec un seul sarclage mais a ete augmente de 44 % avec un deuxieme sarclage a quatre semaines apres plantation. Les rendements grains etait eleve avec un espacement des lignes avec un seul sarclage plus qu' avec la plantation en vrac et deux sarclages. Le rendement n'etait pas significativement ameliore par le deuxieme sarclage dans les conditions de lignes des semences. La densite de population des mauvaises herbes etait 50% pour la plantation en vrac. La plantation en lignes etait quatre fois plus chere que la plantation en vrac suite aux travaux exiges , mais les couts de sarclage etaient faibles et les revenus etaient eleves. Le deuxieme sarclage a augemente de 55% les couts variables de production pour la plantation en vrac, mais le marge beneficiaire a augmente de 88% et les revenus etaient plus grands. Le deuxieme sarclage avec une plantation directe a augmente les couts des variables de production de 65%, cependant les revenus pour le deuxieme sarclage a ete de 289%. Sarcler deux fois est particulierement profitable pour la plantation en vrac mais avec une plantation en lignes. ,br> (African Crop Science Journal 2001 9(3): 507-516) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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