Effects of growth factors and cytokines on osteoblast differentiation
| Autor: | Francis J. Hughes, Georgios N. Belibasakis, Wendy Turner, Gianluca Martuscelli |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Cell signaling
Bone Regeneration Cellular differentiation medicine.medical_treatment Bone cell medicine Animals Humans Cell Lineage Bone regeneration Growth Substances Regulation of gene expression Osteoblasts business.industry Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Osteoblast Cell Differentiation Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cell biology Wnt Proteins medicine.anatomical_structure Cytokine Periodontics Cytokines Signal transduction Inflammation Mediators business Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Karolinska Institutet |
| ISSN: | 0906-6713 |
| Popis: | The therapeutic management of new bone formation remains one of the key issues in periodontology and dental implantology. A full understanding of the nature of the bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) and their lineage, the factors that may regulate osteoblast behavior and bone formation locally, and how these different regulatory mechanisms could interact, has been the subject of extensive study for many years, particularly with the aspiration that such an understanding will lead to the development of novel biologically based therapies for the management of bone regeneration, not only in dental applications but also for many other disciplines, such as orthopedic surgery, and maxillofacial and craniofacial surgery. The aim of this review was as follows. • to describe the nature of the osteoblast phenotype, its lineage and the genetic regulation of osteoblast differentiation and function. • to discuss the role of a range of cytokines and growth factors in regulating osteoblast differentiation and function. • to review how some of these cytokine pathways may be regulated and interact with each other in the co-ordinated control of osteoblast function. • to review, briefly, studies that have investigated the pharmacological application of cytokines for therapeutic management of bone formation locally in vivo. Cytokines are soluble, secreted glycoproteins which act as local signaling molecules to control and co-ordinate cellular behavior and function. They function as ligands which bind to cell-surface receptors, triggering a series of intracellular signaling events, ultimately resulting in the modulation of gene expression in their target cells. Growth and differentiation factors are generally considered to be a subset of cytokines with anabolic physiological and pathophysiological roles in the regulation of tissue growth and healing. Although this terminology is widely used, the distinction between growth factors and cytokines is probably an artificial one, particularly given the different complex roles that these molecules may all have on cell and tissue function. However in keeping with convention, here we have used the term growth factors to describe this distinct subgroup of cytokines, and have separately considered the role of cytokines which are particularly associated with inflammation on bone cell regulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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