Myeloid and lymphoid activation markers in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters
| Autor: | Serena Vita, Mario Falciano, Maria Rosa Ciardi, Maria Antonella Zingaropoli, Vincenzo Vullo, Paola Zuccalà, Claudia Mascia, Fabio Mengoni, Anna Paola Massetti, Claudio Maria Mastroianni, Stefano Savinelli, Marco Iannetta, Raffaella Rossi, Gabriella d'Ettorre, Miriam Lichtner, Raffaella Marocco |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Myeloid hiv Plasmacytoid dendritic cell Lymphocyte Activation Monocytes immunology Leukocyte Count 0302 clinical medicine Dendritic cell HAART HIV Monocyte sCD14 sCD163 slanDC Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adult Biomarkers CD4 Lymphocyte Count Dendritic Cells Disease Progression Female HIV-1 Humans Lymphocyte Count Lymphocytes Middle Aged Myeloid Cells Viral Load scd163 Medicine medicine.diagnostic_test hematology medicine.anatomical_structure haart monocyte slandc scd14 Immunology and allergy dendritic cell CD14 Flow cytometry 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) business.industry medicine.disease Settore MED/17 030104 developmental biology Immunology business 030215 immunology |
| Popis: | HIV infection is characterized by a state of chronic activation of the immune system, which is not completely reversed by antiretroviral treatment (ART). The aim of this study was to assess myeloid and lymphoid activation markers during HIV infection, before and one year after ART initiation, in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters. Treatment naïve HIV positive patients were enrolled in this study. Myeloid dendritic cell (mDC), plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC), slanDC, monocyte and T-lymphocyte cell counts and activation status, were assessed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples. Soluble (s)CD14 and sCD163 were assessed in plasma samples using ELISA assays. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism and Minitab Express. Thirty-four ART naïve HIV-1 infected subjects were enrolled in this study (22 non-AIDS and 12 AIDS presenters). Seventeen healthy donors (HD) were included as control group. Although circulating mDC levels resulted unchanged, HLA-DR expression was decreased on mDCs of HIV positive subjects compared to HD (p 0,0001). AIDS presenters showed the lowest level of expression of HLA-DR on mDCs. Circulating levels of pDCs were decreased in HIV patients compared to HD (p 0,001), without any changes in HLA-DR expression. SlanDC cell counts were extremely reduced in AIDS presenters, compared to non-AIDS presenters and HD (p 0,01 and p 0,0001, respectively) and showed higher HLA-DR expression in HIV patients compared to HD (p 0,01). Intermediate monocyte (IM) cell counts were increased in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters compared to HD (p 0,001 and p 0,001 respectively). Furthermore, IM expansion was directly correlated to HIV viral load (p = 0,036) and independent from CD4 cell counts and activation levels. Plasma concentrations of sCD14 and sCD163 resulted increased in HIV infected subjects compared to HD (p 0,0001 and p 0,001), with the highest levels observed in AIDS presenters. After 1 year, ART was able to increase pDC and decrease IM absolute cell counts and modify HLA-DR expression on mDCs and slanDCs, approaching the levels observed in HD. ART reduced also CD4 and CD8 activation levels. In conclusion, in untreated HIV infected subjects circulating dendritic cells resulted altered either in numbers or in HLA-DR expression, especially in AIDS presenters. IM absolute counts were equally increased in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters. ART was able to reduce myeloid and lymphoid inflammation in both advanced and non-advanced HIV patients, confirming the role of ART in hampering disease progression and immune activation associated non-AIDS events. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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