A practical approach to diseases affecting dentate nuclei
| Autor: | P. Hanagandi, Sunila Jaggi, Bhagyadhan A. Patel, L.L. Faria do Amaral, Rakhil S. Yadav, Satish V Khadilkar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Diagnostic Imaging
medicine.medical_specialty Pathology Computed tomography Inversion recovery Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging Diagnosis Differential 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cerebellar Diseases medicine Medical imaging Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Medical physics Tendon xanthomas medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Diagnostic test General Medicine Cerebellar Nuclei Radiological weapon Differential diagnosis business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Radiology. 71:107-119 |
| ISSN: | 0009-9260 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.crad.2015.09.010 |
| Popis: | A wide variety of diseases affect the dentate nuclei. When faced with the radiological demonstration of signal changes in the dentate nuclei, radiologists and clinical neurologists have to sieve through the many possibilities, which they do not encounter on a regular basis. This task can be challenging, and therefore, developing a clinical, radiological, and laboratory approach is important. Information on the topic is scattered and the subject has not yet been reviewed. In this review, a combined clinicoradiological approach is presented. The signal changes in T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion, susceptibility weighted, and gadolinium-enhanced images can give specific or highly suggestive patterns, which are illustrated. The role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnostic process is discussed. Specific radiological patterns do not exist in a significant proportion of patients where the clinical and laboratory analysis becomes important. In this review, we group the clinical constellations to narrow down the differential diagnosis and highlight the diagnostic clinical signs, such as tendon xanthomas and Kayser-Fleischer rings. As will be seen, a number of these conditions are potentially reversible, and hence, their early diagnosis is desirable. Finally, key diagnostic tests and available therapies are outlined. The practical approach thus begins with the radiologist and winds its way through the clinician, towards carefully selected diagnostic tests defining the therapy options. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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