Aspartame and Phe-Containing Degradation Products in Soft Drinks across Europe
| Autor: | Pim de Blaauw, Esther van Dam, M. Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema, Kimber van Vliet, Francjan J. van Spronsen, Elise S Melis, David Abeln, Ronald G H J Maatman |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Food Safety
phenylalanine phenylketonuria 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Phenylalanine lcsh:TX341-641 Carbonated Beverages Diketopiperazines 01 natural sciences Article aspartame 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine soft drinks Limit of Detection Tandem Mass Spectrometry Phenylketonurias Humans Food science Nutrition and Dietetics Aspartame Chemistry 010401 analytical chemistry aspartylphenylalanine diketopiperazine nutritional and metabolic diseases Reproducibility of Results Dipeptides 0104 chemical sciences Europe tyrosinemia type 1 Soft drink lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food Science Chromatography Liquid |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Nutrients, 12(6):1887, 1-10. MDPI AG Volume 12 Issue 6 Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 1887, p 1887 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | Phenylketonuria and tyrosinemia type 1 are treated with dietary phenylalanine (Phe) restriction. Aspartame is a Phe-containing synthetic sweetener used in many products, including many &lsquo regular&rsquo soft drinks. Its amount is (often) not declared therefore, patients are advised not to consume aspartame-containing foods. This study aimed to determine the variation in aspartame concentrations and its Phe-containing degradation products in aspartame-containing soft drinks. For this, an LC&ndash MS/MS method was developed for the analysis of aspartame, Phe, aspartylphenylalanine, and diketopiperazine in soft drinks. In total, 111 regularly used soft drinks from 10 European countries were analyzed. The method proved linear and had an inter-assay precision (CV%) below 5% for aspartame and higher CVs% of 4.4&ndash 49.6% for the degradation products, as many concentrations were at the limit of quantification. Aspartame and total Phe concentrations in the aspartame-containing soft drinks varied from 103 to 1790 µ mol/L (30&ndash 527 mg/L) and from 119 to 2013 µ mol/L (20&ndash 332 mg/L), respectively, and were highly variable among similar soft drinks bought in different countries. Since Phe concentrations between drinks and countries highly vary, we strongly advocate the declaration of the amount of aspartame on soft drink labels, as some drinks may be suitable for consumption by patients with Phe-restricted diets. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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