Characterization of Chicken Thrombocyte Responses to Toll-Like Receptor Ligands
| Autor: | Shayan Sharif, R. Darren Wood, Neda Barjesteh, Michael St. Paul, Karel A. Schat, Sarah Paolucci |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Lipopolysaccharides
Interleukin-1beta lcsh:Medicine Ligands Biochemistry 0302 clinical medicine Platelet lcsh:Science Receptor Cells Cultured Phagocytes 0303 health sciences Toll-like receptor Multidisciplinary Toll-Like Receptors Pattern recognition receptor Neurochemistry 3. Good health Cell biology Medicine Neurochemicals Research Article Veterinary Medicine Blood Platelets CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Immune Cells Immunology Antigen presentation Biology Nitric Oxide Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Veterinary Immunology 03 medical and health sciences Animals 030304 developmental biology Inflammation Interleukin-6 Interleukin-8 lcsh:R Immunity TLR9 TLR4 Clinical Immunology Veterinary Science lcsh:Q Chickens Neuroscience 030215 immunology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 8, p e43381 (2012) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0043381 |
| Popis: | Thrombocytes are the avian equivalent to mammalian platelets. In addition to their hemostatic effects, mammalian platelets rely in part on pattern recognition receptors, such as the Toll-like receptors (TLR), to detect the presence of pathogens and signal the release of certain cytokines. Ligands for TLRs include lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is bound by TLR4, as well as unmethylated CpG DNA motifs, which are bound by TLR9 in mammals and TLR21 in chickens. Similar to mammalian platelets, avian thrombocytes have been shown to express TLR4 and secrete some pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS treatment. However, the full extent of the contributions made by thrombocytes to host immunity has yet to be elucidated. Importantly, the mechanisms by which TLR stimulation may modulate thrombocyte effector functions have not been well characterized. As such, the objective of the present study was to gain further insight into the immunological role of thrombocytes by analyzing their responses to treatment with ligands for TLR4 and TLR21. To this end, we quantified the relative expression of several immune system genes at 1, 3, 8 and 18 hours post-treatment using real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, production of nitric oxide and phagocytic activity of thrombocytes was measured after their activation with TLR ligands. We found that thrombocytes constitutively express transcripts for both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, in addition to those associated with anti-viral responses and antigen presentation. Moreover, we found that both LPS and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) induced robust pro-inflammatory responses in thrombocytes, as characterized by more than 100 fold increase in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 transcripts, while only LPS enhanced nitric oxide production and phagocytic capabilities. Future studies may be aimed at examining the responses of thrombocytes to other TLR ligands. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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