Spatial distribution, accumulation and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil and groundwater of the Tano Basin, Ghana
| Autor: | Elliot Kossi Kumassah, David Kofi Essumang, David Saka, Israel Doyi, Samuel B. Dampare, Gustav Gbeddy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Biomagnification 0211 other engineering and technologies 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Structural basin Spatial distribution Ghana Risk Assessment 01 natural sciences Soil Metals Heavy Water Quality Humans Soil Pollutants Groundwater 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Principal Component Analysis 021110 strategic defence & security studies Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Heavy metals General Medicine Pollution Soil contamination Bioaccumulation Environmental chemistry Multivariate Analysis Environmental science Environmental Pollution Risk assessment Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 165:540-546 |
| ISSN: | 0147-6513 |
| Popis: | Soil serves as a vast matrix for heavy metal accumulation and subsequent redistribution to critical aspects of the environment such as groundwater. Soil pollution study is essential for sustainable human health and ecosystem protection. This study provides vital insight into the fate, accumulation, interactions, and health risk posed by heavy metals in soil and groundwater by employing geochemical accumulation index (Igeo), risk assessment models and multivariate data analysis techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), preference ranking organisation method for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE) and geometrical analysis for interactive aid (GAIA). The median Igeo estimates show moderate to strong Pb accumulation levels whilst all the other metals indicate uncontaminated to moderate levels. The PCA output point to anthropogenic origin of Pb and Cd in the Tano Basin and surrounding communities. PROMETHEE-GAIA results indicate that Pb, Cd, Zn and Fe accumulated in the soil matrix may potentially leach into the groundwater resources. The carcinogenic lifetime risks posed by Pb, Cd, and Ni metals to adults are within the tolerable acceptable risk and thus do not present an immediate danger in the study area. Due to the significant toxicity, bioaccumulation and biomagnification properties of Pb and Cd in the environment, areas associated with significant anthropogenic activities require regular monitoring and evaluation in order to ensure that these metals are consistently below the regulatory limits. This study has further elucidated the subject of heavy metal pollution and is therefore expected to enhance sustainable protection of the environment and human health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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