Racial/ethnic disparities in disease burden and costs related to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the United States: an exploratory analysis
| Autor: | Julia Malits, Mrudula Naidu, Leonardo Trasande, Teresa M. Attina |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Epidemiology Total cost Population Ethnic group Endocrine Disruptors White People Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cost of Illness Economic cost Environmental health medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Child education Disease burden Reproductive health education.field_of_study business.industry Environmental Exposure Health Status Disparities Hispanic or Latino medicine.disease Obesity United States Racial ethnic Chronic Disease Female business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 108:34-43 |
| ISSN: | 0895-4356 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.11.024 |
| Popis: | Objective Studies have documented disparities in exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC), but no studies have investigated potential implications for racial/ethnic disparities in chronic disease and associated costs. Our objective was to examine EDC levels in the US population according to race/ethnicity and to quantify disease burden and associated costs. Study Design and Setting EDC exposure levels in 2007–2010 were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The associated disease burden and costs for 12 exposure–response relationships were determined for non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, Mexican Americans, Other Hispanics, and Other/Multicultural. Results EDC exposure levels and associated burden of disease and costs were higher in non-Hispanic Blacks ($56.8 billion; 16.5% of total costs) and Mexican Americans ($50.1 billion; 14.6%) compared with their proportion of the total population (12.6% and 13.5%, respectively). Associated costs among non-Hispanic whites comprised 52.3% of total costs ($179.8 billion) although they comprise 66.1% of the US population. These disparities are driven by generally higher exposure to persistent pesticides and flame retardants among non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans. Conclusion Our estimates suggest that racial/ethnic disparities in chronic diseases in the US may be because of chemical exposures and are an important tool to inform policies that address such disparities. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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