'Brain Connectivity Deviates by Sex and Hemisphere in the First Episode of Schizophrenia'—A Route to the Genetic Basis of Language and Psychosis?
| Autor: | Zhening Liu, Guangming Lu, Mingli Li, Xiaohong Ma, Jijun Wang, Wei Cheng, Lena Palaniyappan, Tao Li, Wei Deng, Jianfeng Feng, Wanjun Guo, Qiang Wang, Zhaowen Liu, Jie Zhang, Lin Wan, Xiaojing Li, Kai Zhang, Liansheng Zhao, Timothy J. Crow, Liang Ma |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Psychosis sex-effect PCDH11XY Thalamus Audiology Lateralization of brain function 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine lateralization sexual selection First episode whole-brain functional connectivity analysis language Resting state fMRI medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Drug-naïve Schizophrenia business Functional magnetic resonance imaging resting-state fMRI 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications |
| ISSN: | 1745-1701 0586-7614 |
| Popis: | Schizophrenia is genetic in origin and associated with a fecundity disadvantage. The deficits in schizophrenia have been attributed to variation related to the human capacity for language or brain laterality. How sex influences the relative connectivity of the 2 hemispheres is a route to understanding these 2 functions. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we searched for sex- and hemisphere-specific changes in whole-brain functional-connectivity in multi-site datasets (altogether 672 subjects including 286 patients, all right-handed) in the first-episode schizophrenia (illness duration ≤ 1 year, mostly drug naive) and in chronic stages of schizophrenia (illness duration > 1 year), respectively. We used meta-analyses to integrate data from different sources concerning individuals at the same illness stage. We found first-episode male patients are predominantly left-lateralized in aberrant connectivity with a focus on Broca's area. Female patients show a lesser degree of lateralization than males, but to the right particularly in orbital frontal cortex. In the chronic stage, the focus of aberrant connectivity shifted from anterior to posterior structures with prominent involvement of the thalamus and pre- and post-central gyri bilaterally and in both sexes. While the "deviant connectivity" is right-sided in both the first-episode and the chronic stages in females, in males there is a shift between stages from the left to the right hemisphere. We hypothesized that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia may lie in the interaction between sex and lateralization, ie, in genetic mechanisms located on the X and Y chromosomes, intrinsic to the evolution of language. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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