Early-life Exposure to Widespread Environmental Toxicants and Health Risk: A Focus on the Immune and Respiratory Systems

Autor: Eddy Y. Zeng, Peter D. Sly, Xia Huo, Jun Jun Cao, Machteld N. Hylkema, Xijin Xu, Åke Bergman, William A. Suk
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Offspring
Respiratory System
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Infectious and parasitic diseases
RC109-216
persistent organic pollutants
Environment
010501 environmental sciences
POSTNATAL EXPOSURE
01 natural sciences
Hazardous Substances
Tobacco smoke
lung
Fetal Development
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS
Hypersensitivity
Humans
Medicine
MATERNAL SMOKING
CORD BLOOD
heavy metals
ARSENIC EXPOSURE
DEVELOPING RAT LUNG
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
PRENATAL EXPOSURE
Fetus
Early embryonic stage
Perinatal Exposure
business.industry
early-life exposure
Environmental Exposure
General Medicine
Environmental exposure
TOBACCO-SMOKE EXPOSURE
030104 developmental biology
immune development
Immune System
Humoral immunity
Immunology
IN-UTERO EXPOSURE
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
business
tobacco smoke
PERINATAL EXPOSURE
Zdroj: Annals of Global Health, Vol 82, Iss 1, Pp 119-131 (2016)
ISSN: 2214-9996
DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.01.023
Popis: Evidence has accumulated that exposure to widespread environmental toxicants, such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and tobacco smoke adversely affect fetal development and organ maturation, even after birth. The developing immune and respiratory systems are more sensitive to environmental toxicants due to their long-term physical development, starting from the early embryonic stage and persisting into early postnatal life, which requires complex signaling pathways that control proliferation and differentiation of highly heterogeneous cell types. In this review, we summarize the effect of early-life exposure to several widespread environmental toxicants on immune and lung development before and after birth, including the effects on immune cell counts, baseline characteristics of cell-mediated and humoral immunity, and alteration of lung structure and function in offspring. We also review evidence supporting the association between early-life exposure to environmental toxicants and risk for immune-related diseases and lung dysfunction in offspring in later life.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: