Damaged Reproduction: The Most Important Consequence of Iodine Deficiency
| Autor: | François Delange, John T. Dunn |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Goiter Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Biochemistry Population Physiology chemistry.chemical_element Iodine Biochemistry Fetus Endocrinology Pregnancy Internal medicine Humans Medicine education Maternal-Fetal Exchange education.field_of_study business.industry Public health Biochemistry (medical) Thyroid Infant Newborn medicine.disease Iodine deficiency Pregnancy Complications medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Female business Cretinism |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 86:2360-2363 |
| ISSN: | 1945-7197 0021-972X |
| Popis: | In 1998, over one third of the world’s population lived in areas of iodine deficiency (1). Most countries, including many in western Europe, are involved. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones, and its importance stems from that role. The most obvious consequence of iodine deficiency is goiter. This adaptive response, mediated principally by TSH, attempts to cope with a shortage of the raw material (iodine) needed for hormone synthesis. If the iodine deficiency is not too severe and the response is adequate, the affected individual has no apparent consequence, except an enlarged thyroid. In the past, the disease entity was labeled “endemic goiter,” and although recognized as a significant public health issue, it received much less attention than other pressing needs, such as infectious diseases. Cretinism was known to be associated with endemic goiter, but the existence of a continuum from mild mental retardation to gross neurological impairment has only been widely appreciated in the last several decades (review in Ref. 2). The term “iodine deficiency disorders” serves to emphasize the many other consequences of iodine deficiency (3). Of these, damage to reproductive function and to the developing fetus and infant is the most severe and is the focus of this commentary. Aspects of this topic have been reviewed in detail elsewhere (4–6), and Smallridge et al. (7) discuss the related issue of hypothyroidism in pregnancy in this issue of the journal. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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