Tracking the dissemination of Erwinia amylovora in the Eurasian continent using a PCR targeted on the duplication of a single CRISPR spacer
| Autor: | Richard A. Gottsberger, Orly Mairesse, Tinatin Doolotkeldieva, Mery Dafny-Yelin, Simon Carnal, Mila Grahovac, Milan Ivanović, Theo H. M. Smits, Fabio Rezzonico, A.L. Lagonenko, Nataliya Drenova, Mirjam Kurz, Galiya Zharmukhamedova |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Physiology Population genetics 632: Pflanzenkrankheiten Schädlinge Plant Science Erwinia 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) Genome Founder genotype SB1-1110 03 medical and health sciences Central Asia Genetics CRISPR Pathogen Wild apple forest biology 572: Biochemie Plant culture biology.organism_classification Center of origin Hypervariable region 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology Fire blight 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Phytopathology Research, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) Phytopathology Research |
| Popis: | Fire blight is the most devastating disease affecting pome fruit production globally. The pathogen is native to North America and was imported to western Europe in the 1950s, progressively spreading over the continent in the ensuing decades. Previous phylogenetic studies have revealed the extreme genetic homogeneity of the pathogen outside its center of origin, which makes epidemiological studies difficult. These are generally only possible using hypervariable regions of the genome such as those represented by CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), which are, however, not practical to sequence due to their size and variability. Here, we present a simple PCR assay targeting the duplication of a single CRISPR spacer in Erwinia amylovora that was found to be an important marker to discriminate between two main European populations of the pathogen. We implemented the assay on a total of 582 isolates to follow the spread of fire blight across the continent over several decades and, wherever possible, within single countries. The results obtained point to the occurrence of two major separate introduction events for E. amylovora in Europe that occurred approximately 20 years apart, and confirmed the existence of two principal distribution areas located in Northeastern Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean Basin from which the pathogen moved on to colonize the Eurasian continent. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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