Prevalence and Psychological Characterization of Smoking amongst University Students in Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| Autor: | Inayat Ullah Khan, Ghulam Murtaza, Saira Azhar, Hanif Ullah, Ullah Iqbal |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Bad habit
Sleep disorder medicine.medical_specialty Constipation business.industry Khyber pakhtunkhwa media_common.quotation_subject Alternative medicine Pharmaceutical Science Chest pain medicine.disease Psychology Smoking Health Withdrawal symptoms Counseling Mood Feeling Family medicine medicine Pharmacology (medical) medicine.symptom business Psychiatry media_common |
| Zdroj: | Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research; Vol 14, No 11 (2015); 2121-2124 |
| ISSN: | 1596-9827 1596-5996 |
| DOI: | 10.4314/tjpr.v14i11.24 |
| Popis: | Purpose: To evaluate smoking, its causes, ill effects on the health and symptoms associated with smoking and smoking withdrawal among university students of Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: The questionnaire based study was conducted amongst university students in Abbottabad, Pakistan during November – December, 2012. Data were collected from university students using a self-administered questionnaire through simple random sampling. Results: Most subjects (43.6 %) started smoking during college life. Out of the total, 27.2 % of the subjects were of the opinion that smoking is a bad habit, but they still continued smoking. Among them, 17.6 % started smoking to ‘feel’ like adults, 20.8 % started just to feel the experience of doing so, 17.6 % were under the bad influence of friends and 8.4 % people wanted to escape from stressful life and seek comfort in smoking. Symptoms associated with smoking were shortness of breath (22.4 %), tiredness (17.2 %), chest pain (22.8 %), sleeping problem (16.8 %) and cough (43.2 %). Moreover, symptoms associated with withdrawal include mood disturbance (16.1 %), headache (9.9 %), tiredness (7.5 %), constipation (11.3 %), dry mouth (10.4 %), sleep disturbance (6.9 %), cough (5.4 %) and study problem (9.3 %). Conclusion: Smoking habit among the university students is common and in many cases results from experimentation and feeling of adulthood. Proper education on the dangers of smoking is vital. Keywords: Psychology, Smoking, Health, Withdrawal symptoms, Counseling |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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