Highly efficient synthetic iron-dependent nucleases activate both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic death pathways in leukemia cancer cells
| Autor: | Gerhard Schenk, Hernán Terenzi, Gabrieli L. Parrilha, Edésio José Tenório de Melo, Franz Viana Borges, Adolfo Horn, Milton M. Kanashiro, Christiane Fernandes, Claus Tröger Pich |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Programmed cell death
Cell Survival Apoptosis HL-60 Cells Biochemistry Inorganic Chemistry Jurkat Cells chemistry.chemical_compound Microscopy Electron Transmission Coordination Complexes Cell Line Tumor Humans Propidium iodide Cytotoxicity Caspase Membrane Potential Mitochondrial Deoxyribonucleases Leukemia biology DNA Superhelical Chemistry Hydrolysis Cytochrome c Intrinsic apoptosis Cytochromes c DNA U937 Cells Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Molecular biology Mitochondria Enzyme Activation Kinetics Caspases Cancer cell Leukocytes Mononuclear biology.protein Iron Compounds Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. 128:38-47 |
| ISSN: | 0162-0134 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.07.019 |
| Popis: | The nuclease activity and the cytotoxicity toward human leukemia cancer cells of iron complexes, [Fe(HPClNOL)Cl2]NO3 (1), [Cl(HPClNOL)Fe(μ-O)Fe(HPClNOL)Cl]Cl2·2H2O (2), and [(SO4)(HPClNOL)Fe(μ-O)Fe(HPClNOL)(SO4)]·6H2O (3) (HPClNOL=1-(bis-pyridin-2-ylmethyl-amino)-3-chloropropan-2-ol), were investigated. Each complex was able to promote plasmid DNA cleavage and change the supercoiled form of the plasmid to circular and linear ones. Kinetic data revealed that (1), (2) and (3) increase the rate of DNA hydrolysis about 278, 192 and 339 million-fold, respectively. The activity of the complexes was inhibited by distamycin, indicating that they interact with the minor groove of the DNA. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes toward U937, HL-60, Jukart and THP-1 leukemia cancer cells was studied employing 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), fluorescence and electronic transmission microscopies, flow cytometry and a cytochrome C release assay. Compound (2) has the highest activity toward cancer cells and is the least toxic for normal ones (i.e. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)). In contrast, compound (1) is the least active toward cancer cells but displays the highest toxicity toward normal cells. Transmission electronic microscopy indicates that cell death shows features typical of apoptotic cells, which was confirmed using the annexin V-FITC/PI (fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide) assay. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that at an early stage during the treatment with complex (2) mitochondria lose their transmembrane potential, resulting in cytochrome C release. A quantification of caspases 3, 9 (intrinsic apoptosis pathway) and caspase 8 (extrinsic apoptosis pathway) indicated that both the intrinsic (via mitochondria) and extrinsic (via death receptors) pathways are involved in the apoptotic stimuli. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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