A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite’s survival
| Autor: | Ewan M. Campbell, Silvia Gigliotti, Francesco Pennacchio, Rosarita Tatè, Andrea Becchimanzi, Alan S. Bowman |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Becchimanzi, Andrea, Tatè, Rosarita, Campbell, Ewan M., Gigliotti, Silvia, Bowman, Alan S., Pennacchio, Francesco |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Life Cycles Physiology virulence factors Toxicology Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 01 natural sciences Salivary Glands Medicine and Health Sciences Toxins Biology (General) Mites 0303 health sciences immunosuppression integumentary system biology Mites honey bee pupae saliva salivary glands venoms arthropoda hymenoptera Chitinases Pupa Eukaryota Bees Body Fluids Insects Sialome Varroa destructor Varroa Anatomy Apis mellifera Honey Bees Research Article Arthropoda QH301-705.5 Varroidae Toxic Agents Immunology Zoology Parasitism Microbiology Host-Parasite Interactions 03 medical and health sciences Exocrine Glands Virology Genetics Mite Animals Saliva Molecular Biology 030304 developmental biology Venoms Host (biology) Immunity Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Pupae Honey bee RC581-607 biology.organism_classification Invertebrates Hymenoptera 010602 entomology Vector (epidemiology) Parasitology Immunologic diseases. Allergy Beekeeping Entomology Digestive System Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | PLOS pathogens 16 (2020). doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009075 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Becchimanzi, Andrea; Tate, Rosarita; Campbell, Ewan M.; Gigliotti, Silvia; Bowman, Alan S.; Pennacchio, Francesco/titolo:A salivary chitinase of Varroa destructor influences host immunity and mite's survival/doi:10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1009075/rivista:PLOS pathogens/anno:2020/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume:16 PLoS Pathogens PLoS Pathogens, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e1009075 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1553-7374 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009075 |
| Popis: | Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite of honey bees and an active disease vector, which represents one of the most severe threats for the beekeeping industry. This parasitic mite feeds on the host’s body fluids through a wound in the cuticle, which allows food uptake by the mother mite and its progeny, offering a potential route of entrance for infecting microorganisms. Mite feeding is associated with saliva injection, whose role is still largely unknown. Here we try to fill this gap by identifying putative host regulation factors present in the saliva of V. destructor and performing a functional analysis for one of them, a chitinase (Vd-CHIsal) phylogenetically related to chitinases present in parasitic and predatory arthropods, which shows a specific and very high level of expression in the mite’s salivary glands. Vd-CHIsal is essential for effective mite feeding and survival, since it is apparently involved both in maintaining the feeding wound open and in preventing host infection by opportunistic pathogens. Our results show the important role in the modulation of mite-honey bee interactions exerted by a host regulation factor shared by different evolutionary lineages of parasitic arthropods. We predict that the functional characterization of Varroa sialome will provide new background knowledge on parasitism evolution in arthropods and the opportunity to develop new bioinspired strategies for mite control based on the disruption of their complex interactions with a living food source. Author summary Varroa destructor is a parasitic mite of honey bees and a major driver of honey bee colony losses. The feeding mites inject a salivary blend of poorly known molecules, which regulate host physiology. Here, we have identified in silico putative host regulation factors occurring in Varroa saliva and characterized the functional role of a highly expressed chitinase, which is conserved across different evolutionary lineages of parasitic arthropods. This enzyme influences host immune response and mite’s survival. An in-depth functional analysis of Varroa saliva will shed light on parasitism evolution in arthropods and will pave the way towards the development of new bioinspired strategies for mite control. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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