Resistance to oral antibiotics in 4569 Gram-negative rods isolated from urinary tract infection in children
| Autor: | Elio Castagnola, Giuseppe Losurdo, Anna Calzi, Ilaria Caviglia, Giorgio Piaggio, Maria Grazia Calevo, Roberto Bandettini, Sara Grignolo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty 030106 microbiology Drug resistance Fosfomycin Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Antibiotic resistance Enterobacteriaceae Internal medicine Drug Resistance Bacterial Escherichia coli medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Retrospective Studies business.industry Sulfamethoxazole Infant biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Amoxicillin Anti-Bacterial Agents Ciprofloxacin Logistic Models Nitrofurantoin Child Preschool Pseudomonas aeruginosa Urinary Tract Infections Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Regression Analysis Female business Cefuroxime medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Pediatrics. 175:1219-1225 |
| ISSN: | 1432-1076 0340-6199 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00431-016-2763-1 |
| Popis: | To investigate antibiotic resistance among pathogens isolated from urines in a tertiary care children's hospital in Italy. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on antibiotic susceptibility of Gram-negatives isolated from urines at the Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa - Italy from 2007 to 2014. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated. By means of CLSI criteria from 2007 to 2010, while from 2011 EUCAST criteria were adopted. Data on susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanate, co-trimoxazole, cefuroxime, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and ciprofloxacin were evaluated for Escherichia coli, while for other Enterobacteriaceae data were collected for amoxicillin-clavulanate, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin and for ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed for risk factors associated with resistance. A total of 4596 Gram-negative strains were observed in 3364 patients. A significant increase in the proportion of resistant strains was observed for E.coli against amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin and for others Enterobacteriaceae against co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Resistance to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin was very infrequent in E.coli. Logistic regression analysis showed that repeated episode of urinary tract infections was a risk factor for E.coli resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, co-trimoxazole and cefuroxime, while admission in one of the Units usually managing children with urinary tract malformations was significantly associated to resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and cefuroxime.In conclusion the present study shows an increase in antibiotic resistance in pediatric bacteria isolated from urines in children, especially in presence of repeated episodes and/or urinary tract malformations. This resistance is worrisome for beta-lactams and cotrimoxazole, and start to increase also for fluoroquinolones while nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin still could represent useful drugs for oral treatment of these infections.• Infections are frequent in patients with urinary tract malformations • Antibiotic prophylaxis can select for resistant pathogens What is New: • The increase in the resistance to β-lactams, co-trimoxazole or fluoroquinolones in pathogens causing urinary tract infections cause a reduction of drugs with oral formulations available for therapy • Old drugs like nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin can represent attractive compounds for oral treatment of urinary tract infections in children presence of resistance to other drug classes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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