Reduced GABA/glutamate in the thalamus of individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
| Autor: | Fabio Ferrarelli, Hoby P. Hetherington, Victor E. Yushmanov, Ahmad Mayeli, Gonzalo M. Quiñones |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Psychosis
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Thalamus Population Glutamic Acid Article 03 medical and health sciences Glutamatergic 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Humans education gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Pharmacology education.field_of_study business.industry Glutamate receptor medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Endocrinology nervous system Psychotic Disorders Schizophrenia Excitatory postsynaptic potential GABAergic business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neuropsychopharmacology |
| Popis: | Youth at clinical high risk (CHR) are a unique population enriched for precursors of major psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia (SCZ). Recent neuroimaging findings point to abnormalities in the thalamus of patients with SCZ, including chronic and early course patients, as well as in CHR individuals relative to healthy comparison groups, thus suggesting that thalamic dysfunctions are present even before illness onset. Furthermore, modeling data indicate that alteration between excitatory and inhibitory control, as reflected by alteration in GABAergic and glutamatergic balance (i.e., GABA/Glu), may underlie thalamic deficits linked to the risk and development of psychosis. There is, however, a lack of in vivo evidence of GABA/Glu thalamic abnormalities in the CHR state. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) 7 Tesla (7 T) provides enhanced resolution to quantify GABA and Glu levels in the thalamus of CHR individuals. In this study, we performed 7 T MRSI in 15 CHR and 20 healthy control (HC) participants. We found that GABA/Glu was significantly reduced in the right medial anterior and right medial posterior thalamus of CHR relative to HC groups. The GABA/Glu reduction was negatively correlated with general symptoms in the right medial anterior thalamus, as well as with disorganization symptoms in the right medial posterior thalamus. Altogether, these findings indicate that GABA/Glu abnormalities are present in the thalamus before the onset of full-blown psychosis and are associated with symptom severity, thus providing putative molecular and neuronal targets for early interventions in youth at CHR. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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