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School nutrition employee behavior plays an important role in preventing foodborne outbreaks and protecting the almost 30 million children who partake in daily school lunch.The study aim was to compare the impact of using a food safety training program with or without using a realistic-event video on handwashing behavior modification for school nutrition employees.A two-group (control/experimental) pre-test with two post-tests design was utilized. The control group received training without the video and the experimental group received the food safety training with a realistic-event video. Measurements used to address the purpose and objectives of this study included questionnaires and direct observations.The sample consisted of 443 school nutrition employees, responsible of food preparation/service, affiliated with 21 school districts in 18 states. Approximately half of the sample attended the original, unmodified training while the other half attended the modified training. Data were collected in the United States during 2017. A total of 338 employees participated in the observations and 443 participants completed the questionnaires during the three phases, 935 questionnaires were used for the analysis.The intervention involved a food safety training program embedded with a realistic-event video related to handwashing. The video utilized previous research to target antecedents to handwashing behavior among participants.Actual behavior was observed across three phases-pre-training, post-training, and final-for both the control and experimental groups. In addition, indirect and direct measures of behavioral intentions for handwashing were measured.For the observation data, a two-way, fixed-effects, mixed model procedure was used to analyze the data. Simple and multiple linear regression and contingency table analyses looking for differences among phases and treatments were used for questionnaire data analysis.Most practices were reported as in-compliance (51.3% to 80.6%) for both control and experimental groups during all phases. The experimental group had a higher behavioral intention of properly washing their hands than participants in the control group.The results show that handwashing practices were in-compliance most of the time for both control and experimental groups during all three observation periods. Differences among the data collection periods on the theory of planned behavior constructs indicated no statistical effect of the treatment (exposure to the video) between the control and intervention groups. |
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