Leydig cell clustering and Reinke crystal distribution in relation to hormonal function in adult patients with testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) including cryptorchidism
| Autor: | Niels E. Skakkebæk, Trine Holm Johannsen, Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts, R. Soerensen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Infertility endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Gonadal Dysgenesis Testicular Diseases Male infertility Andrology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Sex hormone-binding globulin Testicular Neoplasms Internal medicine Cryptorchidism medicine Humans Testosterone 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine Leydig cell biology business.industry Intratubular germ cell neoplasia Leydig Cells Reinke crystals General Medicine Neoplasms Germ Cell and Embryonal medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology biology.protein business Hormone |
| Zdroj: | HORMONES. 15:518-526 |
| ISSN: | 1109-3099 |
| DOI: | 10.14310/horm.2002.1708 |
| Popis: | Testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) comprises testicular germ cell cancer, cryptorchidism and some cases of male infertility and hypospadias, which can be linked to impairment of intrauterine gonadal development. Among histological signs of TDS, large Leydig cell (LC) clusters (micronodules) are frequently present. This study aimed to investigate possible associations of LC micronodules with the presence of Reinke crystals and hormonal function of LCs, the latter primarily reflected by serum concentrations of luteinising hormone (LH) and testosterone, in patients with TDS. A retrospective study of 101 andrological patients with TDS (infertility with and without a history of cryptorchidism or presence of germ cell neoplasia in situ) and 20 controls with normal testis histology and LC-function. Archived testicular biopsies were re-evaluated for the presence of LC micronodules and Reinke crystals and the findings were correlated with testis size and serum concentrations of LH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, inhibin B, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). TDS patients with bilateral LC micronodules had significantly lower concentrations of LH, FSH and inhibin B, a lower testosterone/LH-ratio and smaller testis sizes compared to TDS-patients lacking this feature. Presence of LC micronodules was correlated with a lower number of Reinke crystals, while cryptorchid testes had a significantly higher number of crystals than normally descended TDS testes. LC micronodules appear to be a compensatory mechanism caused by androgenic failure and are presumably driven by high concentrations of LH. A relative paucity of Reinke crystals in LCs within micronodules in normally descended TDS testes may be a feature of recently renewed immature Leydig cells. The increased number of Reinke crystals in LCs in testes that were either undescended at birth or are persistently undescended could indicate an impairment of LC renewal in cryptorchidism. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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