The Urban-Rural Gradient In Asthma : A Population-Based Study in Northern Europe
| Autor: | Thorarinn Gislason, Christer Janson, Mathias Holm, Ernst Omenaas, Signe Timm, Torben Sigsgaard, Bertil Forsberg, Cecilie Svanes, Rain Jõgi, Brittany Campbell, Morten Frydenberg, Vivi Schlünssen |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Cross-sectional study Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Population lcsh:Medicine early life environment Rural Health urban-rural gradient microbial exposure asthma farming hygiene hypothesis RHINE Article Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin Residence Characteristics Risk Factors Wheeze Urbanization Environmental health Surveys and Questionnaires medicine Prevalence Humans education Asthma Proportional Hazards Models Lungmedicin och allergi education.field_of_study Incidence (epidemiology) Rural health Incidence lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Urban Health Occupational Health and Environmental Health Middle Aged Protective Factors medicine.disease Health Surveys Europe Geography Cross-Sectional Studies Female Rural area medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 93 (2015) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Timm, S, Frydenberg, M, Janson, C, Campbell, B, Forsberg, B, Gislason, T, Holm, M, Jogi, R, Omenaas, E, Sigsgaard, T, Svanes, C & Schlünssen, V 2016, ' The Urban-Rural Gradient In Asthma : A Population-Based Study in Northern Europe ', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 13, no. 1, 93 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010093 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 13; Issue 1; Pages: 93 |
| Popis: | The early life environment appears to have a persistent impact on asthma risk. We hypothesize that environmental factors related to rural life mediate lower asthma prevalence in rural populations, and aimed to investigate an urban-rural gradient, assessed by place of upbringing, for asthma. The population-based Respiratory Health In Northern Europe (RHINE) study includes subjects from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Estonia born 1945–1973. The present analysis encompasses questionnaire data on 11,123 RHINE subjects. Six categories of place of upbringing were defined: farm with livestock, farm without livestock, village in rural area, small town, city suburb and inner city. The association of place of upbringing with asthma onset was analysed with Cox regression adjusted for relevant confounders. Subjects growing up on livestock farms had less asthma (8%) than subjects growing up in inner cities (11%) (hazard ratio 0.72 95% CI 0.57–0.91), and a significant urban-rural gradient was observed across six urbanisation levels (p = 0.02). An urban-rural gradient was only evident among women, smokers and for late-onset asthma. Analyses on wheeze and place of upbringing revealed similar results. In conclusion, this study suggests a protective effect of livestock farm upbringing on asthma development and an urban-rural gradient in a Northern European population. publishedVersion |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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