Exercise training prevents high-fat diet-induced adipose tissue remodeling by promoting capillary density and macrophage polarization
| Autor: | Sarkawt Kolahdouzi, Elahe Talebi-Garakani, Alireza Safarzade, Gholamreza Hamidian |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male medicine.medical_specialty Normal diet Macrophage polarization Adipose tissue Neovascularization Physiologic Inflammation Diet High-Fat 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Muscle hypertrophy 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Adipocyte Internal medicine Physical Conditioning Animal medicine Adipocytes Aerobic exercise Animals Obesity General Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Rats Wistar Adiposity business.industry Macrophages Cell Polarity General Medicine medicine.disease Capillaries Rats 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Adipose Tissue medicine.symptom Sedentary Behavior business |
| Zdroj: | Life sciences. 220 |
| ISSN: | 1879-0631 |
| Popis: | Aims Increasing adipose tissue capillarization is beneficial to metabolic health. The present study examined the effects of continuous training (CT) and aerobic-interval training (AIT) coinciding with a high-fat diet (HFD) on capillary density, macrophage polarization in mesenteric (mAT) and subcutaneous (sAT) adipose tissue. Main methods 48 male Wistar rats were divided into HFD and normal diet (ND) groups. After 10 weeks, each group was divided into sedentary, CT, and AIT. The animals in training groups performed 10-week matched distances of CT and AIT on a motorized treadmill (5 times/week). Key findings The results showed that HFD significantly reduced the capillary density of adipose tissue (sAT: 54% vs. mAT:49%) and increased systemic insulin resistance, mean adipocyte size, crown-like structure (CLs), and M1-macrophages with no change in the total number of adipocytes in either tissue. Exercise training reversed the HFD induced adipose tissue dysfunction. Compared to CT, AIT was more effective on increasing the capillary density of sAT (170 vs. 87%) and mAT (140 vs. 100%). Likewise, AIT increased the capillary density of both tissues even in comparison to the ND sedentary group (~25%). Compared with CT as well, AIT more significantly increased the number of M2 macrophages (181 vs. 122%) and decreased CLs (60 vs. 38%) in mAT. Significance The findings suggest that hypertrophy is a major contributor to adipose tissue expansion in obesity. Furthermore, exercise training largely demonstrated beneficial effects on adipose tissue remodeling, where AIT is more effective than CT in reducing HFD-induced adipose tissue dysfunction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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