Cigarette smoking is associated with higher thyroid hormone and lower TSH levels: the PREVEND study
| Autor: | Robin P. F. Dullaart, Margery A. Connelly, Jenny E. Kootstra-Ros, Eke G. Gruppen, Thera P. Links, Eelko Hak, Daan J Touw, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Jens H. J. Bos, Anneke C. Muller Kobold |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Pharmaceutical Analysis, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Biopharmaceuticals, Discovery, Design and Delivery (BDDD), PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Methods in Medicines evaluation & Outcomes research (M2O), Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Medicinal Chemistry and Bioanalysis (MCB), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET) |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Thyroid Hormones
medicine.medical_specialty Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Urinary system Thyrotropin 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Thyroid Function Tests Cigarette Smoking 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Thyroid-stimulating hormone Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus medicine Humans FT3 Alcohol consumption FT4 Euthyroid 030212 general & internal medicine TSH business.industry Thyroid medicine.disease Thyroxine Cross-Sectional Studies medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Cohort Triiodothyronine Original Article Cotinine business hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Antiperoxidase autoantibodies Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Endocrine Endocrine, 67(3). SPRINGER |
| ISSN: | 1559-0100 1355-008X 0969-711X |
| Popis: | Purpose The extent to which smoking is associated with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) when taking account of clinical variables including alcohol consumption is unclear. We aimed to determine associations of TSH, FT4, and FT3 levels with current smoking. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 5766 euthyroid participants (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease cohort). Current smoking was determined by self-report, categorized as never, former, and current (≤20 and >20 cigarettes per day). Smoke exposure was determined by urinary cotinine. Results Current smoking of ≤20 and >20 cigarettes per day was associated with lower TSH and higher FT3 levels. FT4 levels were higher in subjects smoking P P = 0.018, and P 20 cigarettes per day. In agreement, TSH was inversely, whereas FT4 and FT3 levels were positively associated with urinary cotinine (P 30 g per day conferred higher TSH and lower FT3 levels. Conclusions Cigarette smoking is associated with modestly higher FT4 and FT3, and lower TSH levels, partly opposing effects of alcohol consumption. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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