The dopamine D4 receptor gene, birth weight, maternal depression, maternal attention, and the prediction of disorganized attachment at 36 months of age: A prospective gene×environment analysis
| Autor: | Vanessa Babineau, Klaus Minde, Roberto B. Sassi, Ashley Wazana, Cathryn Gordon-Green, Ellen Moss, Vanessa Lecompte, Viara R. Mileva-Seitz, Meir Steiner, Michael J. Meaney, Justin Graffi, James L. Kennedy, Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau, Gal Moss, Katherine Pascuzzo, Hélène Gaudreau, Robert Levitan, Mavan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Genotype Birth weight Developmental psychology Cohort Studies 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Dopamine Predictive Value of Tests Pregnancy Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Birth Weight Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention Longitudinal Studies Prospective Studies Allele Maternal Behavior Depression (differential diagnoses) Depression 05 social sciences Receptors Dopamine D4 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Maternal depression Object Attachment Mother-Child Relations Child Preschool Strange situation Female Gene-Environment Interaction Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 050104 developmental & child psychology Psychopathology medicine.drug Clinical psychology Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Infant behaviordevelopment. 50 |
| ISSN: | 1934-8800 |
| Popis: | Background Efforts to understand the developmental pathways for disorganized attachment reflect the importance of disorganized attachment on the prediction of future psychopathology. The inconsistent findings on the prediction of disorganized attachment from the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene, birth weight, and maternal depression as well as the evidence supporting the contribution of early maternal care, suggest the importance of exploring a gene by environment model. Methods Our sample is from the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability, and Neurodevelopment project; consisting of 655 mother–child dyads. Birth weight was cross-referenced with normative data to calculate birth weight percentile. Infant DRD4 genotype was obtained with buccal swabs and categorized according to the presence of the 7-repeat allele. Maternal depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at the prenatal, 6-, 12-, and 24-month assessments. Maternal attention was measured at 6-months using a videotaped session of a 20-min non-feeding interaction. Attachment was assessed at 36-months using the Strange Situation Procedure. Results The presence of the DRD4 7-repeat allele was associated with less disorganized attachment, β = −1.11, OR = 0.33, p = 0.0008. Maternal looking away frequency showed significant interactions with maternal depression at the prenatal assessment, β = 0.003, OR = 1.003, p = 0.023, and at 24 months, β = 0.004, OR = 1.004, p = 0.021, as at both time points, women suffering from depression and with frequent looking away behavior had an increased probability of disorganized attachment in their child, while those with less looking away behavior had a decreased probability of disorganized attachment in their child at 36 months. Conclusions Our models support the contribution of biological and multiple environmental factors in the complex prediction of disorganized attachment at 36 months. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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